Civil Rights
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Created by:
nrogers239 on May 13, 2012
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47 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Supreme Court | Who determines the Bill of Rights(first ten A)? |
| 14th Amendment | Which Amend. extends the protection of the 1st Amendment to action by State and local governments? |
| time-place-manner | The Court has allowed government to place reasonable limits on these rights in the form of ___ __ ___ regulations |
| content neutral | gov regulations cannot limit what is said(content) |
| guarantee of association | the right to associate with others to promote political, economic, and other social causes ex. Political parties, interest groups |
| birth, both parents are American citizens, naturalization | What are three ways to become a citizen? |
| Sponsorship, financial support, active involvement of the sovereign in religious activity | The Supreme Court held that the Establishment Clause is designed to prevent what THREE Main Evils of Government in religious activities. |
| libel | the false and malicious use of printed words |
| slander | the false and malicious use of spoken words |
| tainted evidence | evidence gained illegally |
| substantive due process | the law under which the govt. act must be fair |
| procedural due process | the WAYS under which the govt. act must be fair |
| due process | the government must act fairly and in accord with estab. rules in all that it does |
| search warrant | a court order authorizing a search describing where and what is to be search and seized; issued by judge; probable cause |
| privacy | The right to be free, except in very limited circumstances, from unwanted gov. intrusions..right of _____ |
| probable cause | reasonable suspicion for a crime |
| exclusionary rule | evidence gained illegally cannot be used |
| bill of attainder | a legislative act that inflicts punishment w/o a court trial |
| writ of habeas corpus | a court order commanding the police to charge a person with a crime to release him |
| ex post facto law | a law applied to an act committed before its passage |
| grand jury | a group of persons who accuse a person of a serious crime |
| double jeopardy | once a person has been tried for a crime, he cannot be tried again for the same crime |
| miranda rule | the police must inform a suspect of his rights before questioning |
| fine | payment for a crime committed |
| impartial jury | no specific class deliberately excluded |
| cross-examine | right to confront witness (6thA) |
| $20.00 | The 7th A. gives us the rt. to jury trial in FEDERAL suits where value exceeds what amount (written in 1790)? |
| bail | sum of money accused deposits as a guarantee he will appear in court |
| preventative detention | no bail |
| "Two Stage" Process | !) Determine guilt or innocence 2) whether or not circumstances justify death (hanging, lethal injection, firing squad, electrocution, gas chamber) |
| unenumerated rights | right to go to a public place, right to a good education, right to eat any food you want |
| slavery | Subjection to a master who owns one's person and may treat one as property (13th A) |
| involuntary servitude | forced labor; prohibited by 13th A |
| compulsory service | jury duty, draft THESE are allowed by 13th A. |
| citizenship | all persons born or naturalized and subject to jurisdiction of US |
| jus sanguinis | birth by blood |
| jus soli | birth on land |
| TRUE | all people born in the US are not citizens T/F (Diplomats' children is the exception) |
| equal protection clause | "No state shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the law" |
| due process clause | "Nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process" |
| establishment clause | Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion |
| segregation | isolation of a group based on sex, race, religion, etc. from the rest of the population |
| de jure | segregation by law (illegal) |
| de facto | segregation by circumstances (illegal) |
| discrimination | unfair attitude or treatment of a particular group or person (illegal) |
| reverse discrimination | preferential treatment that favors a previously victimized minority to the disadvantage of the majority (illegal) |
| affirmative action | positive steps taken to remedy the effects of past discrimination (legal) |
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