Islamic Test
Order by
36 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 messiah | an expected deliverer |
| caliph | supreme leader of islam, chosen as the "successor" of Muhammad |
| prophet | messenger who recieved holy scriptures imam prayer leader who performs the regular service of the mosque |
| kaaba | a cube-shaped shrine that housed a black stone believed to have been sent fromt he gods; Islam's holliest site; located in Mecca |
| jihad | translated as "struggle"; a personal struggle against evil |
| shariah | code of law based on the koran |
| Ramadan | a month in which Muslims must not eat, smoke, drink, or have sexual relations from sunrise to sunset or fasting |
| Hajj | the pilgrimage to Mecca; all able muslims must make one at least once in their lifetime; reminder of equality between all |
| Qur'an | or Koran Islam Bible |
| Sunni | Believe that any highly qualified person can be a Caliph |
| Mosque | A muslim house of worship Hijirah journey Muh. made form Makkah to Madinah; the journey marked the beg. of Islam and the Muslim Calendar |
| Bedouin | group who orginally lived in Saudi Arabia and were nomadic herders; polytheistic |
| Astrolabe | a device adopted from Greeks, could measure latitude, time of day, and determine the position or movement of the stars and planets |
| Canon of Medicine | book which tried to summarize all medical knowledge of the time; written by Ibn Sina |
| calligraphy | the art of beautiful handwriting revelation a situation or vison where God reveals something to man |
| alchemy | attempt to change lead into gold lead to developments in chemistry |
| Rubaiyat | a collection of poems; Omar Khayyam wrote it |
| Arabian Nights | or A thousand and One nights, a collection of stories |
| Abu Bakr | first caliph; Muh's father-in-law and close friend |
| Ali | Last caliph; Muh.'s son-in-law; he married Muh.'s daughter |
| Mu'awiyah | one of Ali's most powerful rivals; Syrian governor and Ummayed leader (3rd claiph) |
| The Shiite | believed you had to be a descendant of Muh. to be a caliph; followers of Ali |
| Ummayyads | dynasty which was founded by Mu'awiyah; moved capital to Damascus |
| Abbasids | Anti-Umayyad Arabs and non Arab muslims joined forces, built an army; caliph Abu'l-'Abbas, he est. dynasty and built baghdad |
| Harun al-Rashid | the caliph who ruled the Abbasid Empire and helped the empire reach it height |
| Ma'mun Abbasid | caliph who founded the House of Wisdom at Baghdad |
| House of wisdom | research center which specialized in the translation into arabic to diff. languages |
| Ibn-sina | doctor; who wrote Canon of Medicine |
| Omar khayyam | wrote Rubaijyat; was a persian mathematician and poet |
| Cordoba | capital of Umayyads in Spain; became known as the center for learning and intellectual life b/c of its libraries |
| Hashim | family Muh's family; was a powerful Quraysh tribe |
| Shahada | profession of faith-"there is only one god (Allah) and Muh. is his prophet" |
| Salat | Daily worship-5 times a day; guided by a precise set of rituals |
| zakat | alms-giving-muslims may yearly taxes to poor and needy |
| sawm | fast-from sunrise to sunset during the holy time of Ramadan |
| arabesque | complex designs typical of Islamic art, combining interwining plants and geometric patterns |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.