Chemistry- Unit 1 Vocab
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40 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 chemistry | the science that deals with the materials of the universe and the changes that these materials undergo |
| scientific method | process that lies at the center of scientific inquiry |
| qualitative data/observations | doesn't involve a number |
| quantitative data/observations | a measurement that involves a number |
| hypothesis | a possible explanation for the observation |
| experiment | something we do to test the hypothesis |
| theory (model) | a set of tested hypotheses that gives an overall explanation of some part of nature; tells what happened |
| natural law | statement that summarizes generally observed behavior; tells why something happened |
| matter | something that has mass and takes up space |
| atoms | smallest unit of matter of which elements are made |
| compounds | substances made by bonding atoms together in specific ways; contains two or more atoms bound together; always contains atoms of different elements |
| molecule | made up of atoms that are "stuck" together |
| elements | substances containing only one type of atom |
| solid | substance with a fixed shape and volume |
| liquid | substance with a definite volume that takes the shape of its' container, meaning it doesn't have a fixed shape |
| gas | substance with no definite shape or volume |
| physical property | characteristic of a substance that can change without the substance's becoming a different substance |
| chemical property | characteristic that describes the ability of a substance to change to a different substance |
| physical change | change that doesn't affect the composition of a substance |
| chemical change | change in which a substance becomes a different substance |
| mixture | a substance with a variable composition |
| alloy | a mixture of elements that has metallic properties |
| pure substance | either a pure element or a compound |
| homogeneous mixture | a mixture that is the same throughout |
| solution | a homogeneous mixture |
| heterogeneous mixture | a mixture containing regions with differing properties |
| unit | the part of the measurement telling us the scale being used |
| volume | the amount of 3D space occupied by a substance |
| mass | the quantity of mater present in an object |
| density | the amount of matter present in a given volume of a substance |
| specific gravity | the ratio of the density of a give liquid to the density of water at 4 degrees C |
| mega (M) | 1,000,000 x base unit |
| kilo (k) | 1,000 x base unit |
| deci (d) | 0.1 x base unit |
| centi (c) | 0.01 x base unit |
| milli (m) | 0.001 x base unit |
| micro (u) | 0.000001 x base unit |
| nano (n) | 0.000000001 x base unit |
| distillation | a separation process that depends on the different boiling points of the substances |
| filtration | separation of a solid from a liquid by using filter paper |
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