Bio 20 Chapter 11 terms
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Created by:
alexandraneish on May 15, 2012
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24 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 plasma | the fluid portion of the blood |
| erythrocyte | a red blood cell that contains hemoglobin and carries oxygen |
| anemia | the reduction in blood oxygen due to low levels of hemoglobin or poor red blood cell production |
| leukocyte | a white blood cell |
| platelet | a component of blood responsible for initiating blood clotting |
| thrombus | a blood clot that forms within a blood vessel and clogs it |
| embolus | a blood clot that dislodges and is carried by the circulatory system to another part of the body |
| antigen | a substance, usually protein, that simulates the formation of an antibody |
| antibody | a protein formed within the blood that reacts with an antigen |
| agglutination | the clumping of blood cells caused by antigens and antibodies |
| phagocytosis | the process by which a white blood cell engulfs and chemically destroys a microbe |
| macrophage | a phagocytic white blood cells found in lymph nodes bone marrow and the spleen & liver |
| pus | a thick liquid composed of protein fragments from digested leukocytes and microbes |
| inflammatory response | localized nonspecific response triggered when tissue cells are injured by bacteria or physical injury, characterized by swelling, heat, redness, and pain |
| complement protein | a plasma protein that helps defend against invading microbes by tagging the microbe for phagocytosis, puncturing cell membranes, or triggering the formation of a mucous coating |
| T cell | a lymphocyte, manufactured in the bone marrow and processed by the thymus gland, that identifies and attacks foreign substances |
| B cell | a lymphocyte, made and processed in the bone marrow, that produces antibodies |
| receptor site | a port along a cell membrane into which hormones, nutrients, and other needed materials fit |
| helper T cell | a T cell with receptors that bind to fragments of antigenes |
| lymphokine | a protein produced by the T cells that act as a chemical messenger between other T and B cells |
| Killer T cell | a T cell that destroys microbes, body cells infected with viruses, and mutated cells puncturing cell membranes |
| suppressor T cell | a T cell that turn off the immune system |
| memory B cell | a B cell that retains information about the shape of an antigen |
| pluripotent cell | a cell that is capable of developing into a number of specialized cells, such as neurone or muscle cell |
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