Female Reproductive System and Pregnancy
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Traivstuard on May 16, 2012
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94 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Gynecologist | Physician who specializes in the study and treatment of diseases related the female reproductive system |
| Gynecology | Study of diseases and disorders related to the female reproductive system and breasts |
| menarche | Onset of menstruation, first menstrual cycle |
| Menopause | Time frame that marks the permanent cessation of menstrual activity |
| Menses | Bloddy discharge associated with menstruation |
| Menstruation | Periodic flow of bloody fluid from the uterine lining |
| Ovulation | Periodic release of a mature ovum from a graafian follicle |
| Amenorrhea | Absence or lack of menstrual flow |
| Anteflexion of the uterus | Forward displacement of the uterus |
| Carcinoma of the breast | Malignant tumor of the breast tissue |
| Cervical Carcinoma | Malignant tumor of the cervix, also called cervical cancer |
| Cervicitis | Inflammation of the cervix |
| Cystocele | Herniation or downward protrusion of the urinary bladder into the wall of the vagina |
| Dysmenorrhea | Painful menstrual flow |
| Endometriosis | Presence and growth of endometrial tissue in areas outside the uterus |
| Fibrocystic breast disease | Presence of single or multiple fluid-filled cysts in the breasts |
| Genital warts | A sexually transmitted infection caused by the human papillomavirus virus (HPV); HPV is also responsible for a high percentage of cervical cancer; a vaccine is available to prevent HPV (Note: The Vaccine does not prevent cervical cancer.) |
| Menometrorrhagia | Excessive uterine bleeding during and the normal menstrual period |
| Menorrhagia | Excessive bleeding during the menstrual period |
| Menorrhea | Normal menstrual flow |
| Metrorrhagia | Excessive uterine bleeding at times other than during the menstrual period |
| Oligomenorrhea | Abnormally light or infrequent menstruation |
| Oophoritis | Inflammation of the ovaries |
| Ovarian Carcinoma | Malignant tumor of the ovary |
| Ovarian cyst | Fluid-filled, multichambered sac in the ovary |
| Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) | Inflammation of the vagina, cervix, fallopian tubes, and broad ligament; often a result of untreated sexually transmitted infections such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, or genital herpes |
| Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) | A group of symptoms such as irritability, anxiety, mood changes, headaches, breast swelling, and water retention that begin several days before the onset of menstruation and end a short time after the onset of menstruation; PMS |
| Prolapse of the uterus | Protrusion of the uterus into the vaginal opening |
| Retroversion of the uterus | Backward displacement of the uterus |
| Salpingitis | Inflammation of the fallopian tube |
| Toxic Shock Syndrome | A rare and sometimes fatal disease caused by an infection of the female reproductive organs associated with certain strains of Staphylococcus aureus |
| Vaginitis | Inflammation of the vagina |
| Vulvovaginitis | Inflammation of the vulva (external genitalia) and vagina |
| Colposcopy | Examination of vaginal and cervical tissue using a scope |
| Conization | surgical removal of a cone-shaped segment of the cervix of diagnosis or treatment; cone biopsy |
| Cryosurgery | Destruction and removal of tissue by rapid freezing |
| Dilatation and Curettage (D & C) | Widening of the cervical canal followed by scraping of the uterine lining |
| Hysterectomy | Surgical removal of the uterus |
| Hysterosalpingography | X-ray of the uterus and fallopian tubes using a contrast medium |
| Laparoscopy | Examination of the contents of the abdominal and pelvic cavity using a scope |
| Mammography | X-ray examination of the soft tissue of the breast |
| mastectomy | Surgical removal of the breast and surrounding tissues |
| Oophorectomy | Surgical removal of the ovary |
| Oophoropexy | surgical fixation of the ovary |
| Ovariopexy | Surgical fixation of the ovary |
| Papanicolaou smear | Microscopic examination of cervical cells; diagnostic test for cervical cancer; pap smear, pap test |
| Salpingo-oophorectomy | Surgical removal of the fallopian tubes and ovaries |
| Tubal ligation | Surgical cutting and tying of the fallopian tubes to prevent passage of the sperm and ova though the tube; female sterilization |
| Uteropexy | surgical fixation of the uterus to the abdominal wall |
| Antepartum | Before the onset of labor; before giving birth |
| Effacement | Normal thinning and shortening of the cervix during the birth process |
| Braxton hicks contraction | Irregular and nonproductive contractions of the uterus that might occur though out pregnancy |
| Embryologist | Physician who specializes in the study and treatment of the growth and development of the human organism |
| Embryology | Study and treatment of the growth and development of the human organism |
| lochia | Vaginal discharge from the uterus that occurs for teh first week or two after childbirth |
| Meconium | First feces of a newborn |
| Multigravida | Having been pregnant more than two times |
| Nulligravida | Never having been pregnant |
| Nullipapa | Never having given birth to a viable fetus |
| Obstetrician | Physician who specializes in the study and treatment of pregnancy and deliver medical specialty related to pregnancy and delivery |
| Parturition | Act of giving birth; Childbirth; Delivery |
| Postpartum | Occurring after childbirth |
| Primigravida | First Pregnancy |
| Primipara | Giving birth for the first time following 20 or more weeks of gestation |
| Puerperium | Three- to six-week time period following childbirth |
| Abortion | Spontaneous of induced termination of a pregnancy; a spontaneous abortion is commonly called a miscarriage |
| Abruptio placentae | premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall |
| Amniorrhea | discharge of amniotic fluid from the amniotic sac; leaking of amniotic fluid |
| Breech birth | Delivery presentation with the buttocks appearing first |
| Dystocia | Difficult or painful labor |
| Eclampsia | Most severe form of gestational hypertension characterized by seizures abnormal implantation of a fertilized ovum outside the uterus; also called a tubal pregnancy |
| Gestational diabetes | Diabetes that develops during pregnancy and that usually resolves after pregnancy |
| Gestational hypertension | Hypertension that develops during pregnancy and that usually resolves after pregnancy; also called pregnancy induced hypertension |
| Hydatidiform mole | a cystic mass resembling a cluster of grapes that develops in place of a placenta and fetus; also called a molar pregnancy |
| Hyperemesis gravidarum | Condition characterized by excessive and severe vomiting that results in maternal dehydration and weight loss |
| hysterorrhexis | Rupture of the uterus |
| Incompetent cervix | Inability of the cervix to retain the contents of the pregnant uterus that results in a spontaneous abortion |
| Placenta previa | condition in which the placenta is implanted in a lower part of the uterus and precedes the fetus during delivery |
| Pre-eclampsia | Gestational hypertension characterized by edema and proteinuria, the presence of protein in the urine |
| Rh Incompatibility | Reaction between Rh negative (Rh-) Blood and the Rh positive (RH+) fetal blood of a first pregnancy that the immune system of the mother to develop antibodies against Rh+ Blood cells; in subsequent pregnancies, the antibodies will attack RH+ fetal blood cells |
| Tubal pregnancy | Implantation of a fertilized ovum in the wall of a fallopian tube; also called ectopic pregnancy |
| Amniocentesis | Surgical puncture into the amniotic sac to remove fluid for analysis to identify genetic disorders of the fetus; usually performed during the 15th week of pregnancy or later |
| Amniography | Process of taking an x-ray of the amniotic sac using a contrast medium |
| Amnioscopy | Visualization of the fetus with a scope that enters the amniotic cavity through the abdominal wall |
| Amniotomy | Incision into or rupture of the amniotic membranes to iduce labor; also called "breaking the water" |
| Cerclage | Suturing the cervical opening to prevent spontaneous abortion; treatment for a history of incompetent cervix |
| Cesarean section | Incision into the abdominal wall and uterus to deliver a baby |
| Contraction stress test | Introduction of a diluted intravenous (IV) solution containing the hormone oxytocin to stimulate uterine contractions to evaluate whether the fetus can tolerate the stress of labor and delivery; also called the oxytocin challenge test |
| Electronic fetal monitoring | Application and use of an internal or external electronic device to monitor fetal heart rate and maternal uterine contractions; such monitoring can assess the quality of the uterine contractions and the effects of labor on the fetus |
| Episiotomy | Incision into the perineum to facilitate delivery and prevent perineal laceration or tearing |
| Fetal ultrasonography | Noninvasive examination of the fetus in utero using high-frequency sound waves |
| Fetometry | Measuring or estimating the size of the fetus or the fetal head before delivery |
| Pelvimetry | Measuring the pelvic outlet to determine if the size is adequate for childbirth |
| Pregnancy test | Laboratory blood and urine tests to determine pregnancy |
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