APHG Princeton Review Chapter 5 Population and Migration
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28 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Rate of Natural Increase (NIR) | The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate. |
| Demographic Equation | Equation that uses birth rates and death rates along with immigration and emigration statistics to show population growth or change. |
| Crude Birth Rate (CBR) | The total number of infants born living for one calendar year per 1,000 people alive in the society. |
| Crude Death Rate (CDR) | The number of deaths for one calendar year per 1,000 people alive in the society. |
| Life Expectancy | The average number of years an individual can be expected to live. |
| Net Migration Rate | The number of immigrants minus the number of emigrants for every thousand members of the population. |
| Total Fertility Rate (TFR) | The estimated average number of children born to each female of birthing age (15 to 45) |
| Demographic Transition Model | A theory of how population changes over time. It also provides important insights into issues of migration, fertility, economic development, industrialization, urbanization, labor, politics, and the roles of women. |
| Subsistence Farming and Transhumance | The seasonal migration for food and resources or owning livestock. |
| Zero Population Growth (ZPG) | When birth rates reach the same level of death rates. |
| Arithmetic Density | The number of people per square unit of land. |
| Physiologic Density | The number of people per square unit of farm land. |
| Arable Land | Land used for farming. |
| Geographic Center or Centroid | The geometric center of the country's irregular polygon. |
| Ecumene | The living space of humans on the earth's surface. |
| Inter-Regional or Internal Migrants | Migrants who move from one region of the country to another. |
| Transnational Migration | Migrants who move from one country to another. |
| Refugees | People forced to move by war, disasters, or fear of government repression. |
| Amnesty Programs | Programs allowing illegal immigrants the opportunity to apply for official status or citizenship without facing arrest or deportation. |
| Step Migration | When people move up in a hierarchy of locations, with each move to a more advantageous or economically prosperous place. |
| Chain Migration | When one person or group settles in a new people and send back information to family, friends, and business contacts. Over time more and more people move in. |
| Push Factors | Specific things about the rural agricultural landscape and the livelihood that force people off the farm. |
| Pull Factors | Specific things about cities that draw people to the urban landscape. |
| Dependency Ratio | The number of people under the age of 15 and over age 64, compared to the number of people active in the labor force. |
| Doubling Time | How long it would take for a country to double in size. |
| Infant Mortality Rate | The total number of deaths in a year among infants under one year old for every 1,000 live births in society. |
| Population Pyramid | Graphical ways to visualize the population structure of a country or place. |
| Thomas Malthus | Published "An Essay on the Principle Population in 1798" where he said that the global population would one day expand to the point where it could not produce enough food to feed everyone. (Incorrect b/c of new technology) |
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