| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Autotroph | organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer |
| Heterotroph | organism that obtains energy from the foods it consumes; also called a consumer |
| Adenosine Triphosphate | one of the principle chemical compounds that living things use to store and release energy |
| Photosynthesis | process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches |
| Pigment | Light-absorbing molecule |
| Chlorophyll | principal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms; captures light energy |
| Thylakoid | saclike photosynthetic membrane found in chloroplasts |
| Photosystem | light-collecting units of the chloroplast |
| Stroma | region outside the thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts |
| NADP+ | one of the carrier molecules that transfers high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules |
| Light Dependent Reaction | reactions of photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH |
| ATP Synthase | large protein that uses energy from H+ ions to bind ADP and a phosphate group together to produce ATP |
| Calvin Cycle | reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugars |
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