1.
Astigmatism: When the cornea or lens is uneven, the image is fuzzy; the light rays cannot be evenly focused on the retina
2.
Auditory Canal: Lined with fine hair and sweat glands; secrete earwax
3.
Auditory Tube: Also known as Eustachian tube; Permits equalization of air pressure
4.
Chemoreceptors: Receptors that respond to chemical substances in the immediate vicinity; taste and smell are dependent of this type of sensory receptor; also monitor blood oxygen levels.
5.
Choroid: The middle layer of the eye; absorbs stray light rays that photoreceptors have not absorbed.
6.
Ciliary Body: Contains ciliary muscles which controls the shape of the lens for near and far vision.
7.
Cornea: Window (outer) layer of the eye
8.
Cutaneous Receptors: Receptors which make the skin sensitive to touch, pressure, pain, and temperature.
9.
Detection: Occurs when environment changes, such as pressure to the fingertips or light to the eye, stimulate sensory receptors.
10.
Exteroreceptors: Sensory receoptors that detect stimuli from outside the body, such as those that result in taste, smell, vision, hearing, and equilibrium
11.
Fovea Centralis: A special region in the retina where cone cells are densely packed; vision is more acute here
12.
Interoreceptors: Receive stimuli from inside the body, such as changes in blood pressure, blood volume, and the pH of the blood.
13.
Iris: Regulates the size of the pupil
14.
Lens: Attached to the ciliary body by ligaments, divides the eye into two compartments.
15.
Mechanoreceptors: Sensory receptors which are stimulated by mechanical forces, which most often result in pressure of some sort.
16.
Optic Nerve: Sensory nerve fibers from the retina form this, which takes nerve impulses to the visual cortex.
17.
Ossicles: Malleus, incus, stapes
18.
Perception: Occurs when the brain interprets the meaning of stimuli
19.
Photoreceptors: Sensory receptors which respond to light energy
20.
Proprioceptors: Mechanreceptors involved in reflex actions that maintain muscle tone, and thereby the body's equilibrium and posture.
21.
Pupil: A hole in the center of the iris which light enters the eyeball
22.
Referred pain: When stimulation of internal pain receptors is felt as pain from the skin, as well as the internal organs.
23.
Retina: Contains photoreceptors called rod and cone cells.
24.
Sensation: Occurs when nerve impulses arrive at the cerebral cortex of the brain
25.
Sensory Adaptation: A decrease in the response to a stimulus
26.
Sensory Receptors: Specialized cells that dtect certain types of stimuli
27.
The sclera, choroid, retina: The three layers of the eye
28.
Thermoreceptors: Sensory receptors located in the hypothalamus and the skin which are stimulated by changes in the environment.
29.
Tympanic Membrane: End at bony wall containing 2 small openings covered by membranes (oval window and round window)
30.
Vertigo: Disorders of equilibrium; the feeling of motion when no motion is occuring. Problem in brain and inner ear.
31.
Visual Accomodation: Occurs for close vision; lens round up in order to bring the image into focus on the retina.
