The Urinary System
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Created by:
crs45 on May 18, 2012
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Classes:
Clare and Lyra and Lily's Group
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14 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Urea | waste from the breakdown of amino acids |
| Uric Acid | waste from the breakdown of nucleic acids |
| Creatinine | waste from muscle metabolism |
| Glomerulus | Knot of capillaries, acts like a sieve |
| Bowman's capsule (Bowser's Castle) | where filtrate enters |
| Filtration | Blood pressure forces plasma into Bowman's capsule |
| Reabsorption | Taking things out of the filtrate and returning them to the blood. Glucose and amino acids are always reabsorbed, and other things are regulated according to the body's needs |
| Secretion | Taking things out of the blood and adding them to the filtrate. Creatinine is always secreted, and so are some ions, drugs, and toxins |
| Proximal Convoluted Tubule | The first part of the nephron, where most reabsorption and secretion happens |
| Loop of Henle | the second part of the nephron, where most water and a lot of salt are reabsorbed. Animals that live in dry climates have a long loop of Henle so that they can reabsorb more water |
| Salt concentration gradient | established in the loop of Henle. The medulla is saltier than the cortex, and this is important for water reabsorption |
| Distal Convoluted Tubule | "fine-tuning". affected by aldosterone, which increases sodium absorption |
| Collecting Duct | water reabsorption is regulated. anti-diuretic hormone makes the collecting duct walls permeable to water (they're usually not), and water is reabsorbed via osmosis as the kidneys get saltier |
| Renin | enzyme which constricts blood vessels, increasing blood pressure (makes angiotensin II) |
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