Excretory System (Semester Two Exam)
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Created by:
ram8 on May 19, 2012
Subjects:
Description:
for exam.
Classes:
Brookfield Academy 8, The Muffins Association, BA 7&8, High School of the Dead, The Asians
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20 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 to excrete | to get rid of |
| excretory system | the system in the body that collects wastes produced by cells and remove the wastes from the body |
| urea | the chemical that comes from the breakdown of protein |
| kidneys | remove wastes and urea from the blood |
| renal | having to do with kidneys |
| renal artery | brings blood/waste into the kidneys |
| renal vein | takes the wastes away |
| ureters | the inlets to the bladder (transfers urea and waste to the bladder) |
| urinary bladder | stores urine |
| urethra | the outlet from the bladder and from where the urine leaves the body |
| urine | a watery fluid that contains urea and other wastes |
| nephrons | filtering factories/units in the kidneys that remove wastes from blood and produce urine |
| Filtering stages | 1) Both wastes and needed materials (mostly glucose) are filtered out of the blood 2) Much of the needed materials are returned to the blood 3) Wastes are eliminated |
| Nephron filtering | the capsule (filtering part of the nephron) filters urea, glucose, water, and excess minerals from the blood and then sends back the glucose and most of the water and salt back to the bloodstream (reabsorbed) to help maintain homeostasis |
| kidney stones | crystallized salts and minerals (mostly calcium) that do not pass at the urine; occurs when there is too much calcium in the blood; pain comes when it enters the ureter |
| kidney dialysis | when a person is hooked up to a machine every 3 days for 6-8 hours because neither of their kidneys are functioning |
| Other excretory organs | skin, liver, lungs |
| skin (excretory) | water, salt, urea are released through sweat |
| liver (excretory) | takes old hemoglobin and breaks it down into bile and proteins are broken down and turned into urea |
| lungs | gets rid of CO₂ and water vapor |
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