Science Harper Final Chemistry and the Periodic Table
About this set
Created by:
sydniegirl123 on May 19, 2012
Subjects:
Description:
know the periodic table: what the names of the families and group are, the oxidation numbers, the valence electron numbers, the energy levels, etc.
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
29 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 acid | a water-soluble compound that donates protons to a base; often sour to the taste; can burn skin and eyes, and react with a base to produce a salt and water; always contain hydrogen |
| base | a water-soluble chemical compound that accepts protons from an acid; often bitter to taste, slippery texture, and react with acids to produce a salt and water; always contains hydroxide |
| compound | pure substances made up of molecules |
| mixture | not pure substances; heterogeneous; a combination of substances that are not chemically combined, and cannot be separated by physical methods |
| solution | a homogeneous mixture; have particles that are the same size; stay evenly mixed (ex: kool-aid or crystal light) |
| suspension | has huge solute particles that settle out over time (ex: anything that says "shake well before use") |
| solute | the part of a mixture that is being dissolved (ex: the powder from a kool-aid packet) |
| colloid | large solute particles that do not settle out overtime (ex: jello, cool-whip) |
| solvent | the part of a mixture that is doing the dissolving (ex: the water you put the kool-aid packet into) |
| valence electrons | electrons on the outer most energy level |
| oxidation number | the amount of electrons gained or lost in bonding |
| pH | a measure of how many hydrogen ions there are in a solution. the greater the number of hydrogen ions the more acidic the solution is |
| atomic number | number of protons in the nucleus of each atom; defies the element; no two numbers are the same |
| mass number | the number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
| symbol | the letter or abbreviation used to stand for a certain element on the periodic table |
| proton | located in the nucleus; has a positive charge |
| neutron | located in the nucleus; has no charge |
| electron | location in the electron cloud; has a negative charge |
| salt | the compound formed from the (+) ion from the base (metal) and the (-) ion from the acid |
| ion | charged particles; atoms that have lost or gained electrons (if an atom loses electrons it becomes POSITIVE/if it gains electrons it becomes NEGATIVE) |
| polyatomic ion | an ion made of more than one atom; a group of atoms (covalently bonded together) that acts as a single ion when bonding ionically to some other ion; never change subscripts |
| ionic | bonds that consist of: metal + nonmetal |
| covalent | bonds that consist of: nonmetal + nonmetal |
| metallic | bonds that consist of: metal + metal |
| single replacement | identify the type of reaction: AX + B --> BX + A |
| double replacement | identify the type of reaction: AX + BY --> BX + AY |
| synthesis | identify the type of reaction: A + B --> AB |
| decomposition | identify the type of reaction: AB --> A + B |
| temperature, concentration, surface area, catalyst | what are the factors that influence the rate of reaction? (4) |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.