| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Transport Proteins | Use energy (ATP) to transport materials across the membrane |
| Peripheral Proteins | Attach loosely to the inner or outer cell membrane |
| Integral Proteins | Extend INTO the membrane. Amphipathic. |
| Fluid Mosaic Model | The currently accepted model of the cell membrane, that it is a mosaic of proteins drifting among a fluid bilayer. |
| Transmembrane Proteins | Stretch across the membrane, appearing on both sides of cell |
| Phospholipid Membrane | Selectively permeable, allowing only small, uncharged, polar molecules (like CO₂ or H₂O) or hydrophobic molecules through. |
| Channel Proteins | Provide open passageways through the membrane for certain hydrophilic substances, and polar or charged molecules |
| Glycoprotein | Recognition protein with one or more carbohydrates bonded covalently to it. |
| Adhesion Protein | Attach a cell to a neighboring cell and provide anchors for internal filaments/tubules that give stability to cell |
| Gated Channels | Like ion channels, but in nerve and muscle cells. Open and close in response to chemical or electrical stimuli. |
| Ion Channels | Allow passage of ions across membrane |
| Cholesterol | A steroid in membranes. Distributed throughout plasma membrane in animal cells to provide rigidity. Called sterols in plants |
| Glycocalyx | Carbohydrate coat that covers outer face of cell wall in bacteria and cell membrane in some animal cells. Have oligosaccharides attached to membrane phospholipids. |
| Porins | Allow passage of certain ions and small polar molecules through membranes |
| Aquaporins | Found in plasma membranes of certain cells. Dramatically increase passage rate of H₂O molecule. |
| Glycolipid | Lipid with covalently bonded carbohydrates. In the glycocalyx. |
| Receptor Proteins | Provide binding sites for hormones and other trigger molecules, activating a specific cell response. |
| Active Transport | When energy is used to actively transport materials across a membrane. |
| Carrier Proteins | Bind to specific proteins to transfer them across the membrane. Molecules are transferred after the carrier protein changes shape. |
| Na⁺ - K⁺ Pump | Use ATP to maintain higher concentrations of Na⁺ and K⁺ on opposite sides of plasma membrane. |
| Recognition Proteins | Label cell types, to distinguish them (self/foreign; normal/infected etc.) |
Combine with other sets
Share on Facebook
Share on MySpace
!