Biology Unit Five (2)
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Created by:
CatlinKiss on May 20, 2012
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25 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Fluid Mosaic Model | The... of membrane structure describes the organization of cell membranes. |
| phospholipids | ...drift and move like a fluid in a fluid mosaic model. |
| bilayer | The... is a mosaic mixture of phospholipids, steroids, proteins, and other molecules. |
| selectively permeable | Bilayer arrangement of phospholipids makes the cell membrane... (gases, water and nonpolar molecules can pass a bilayer freely, other solutes cant cross on their own) |
| Cholesterol molecules | ....embedded in the membrane keep the membrane from being too fluid or too solid. |
| membrane fluidity | The steroid cholesterol has different effects on... at different temperatures: high temps: keeps from too fluid low temps: keeps from too solid |
| Passive: no energy required Active: ATP required | Transport of materials that cannot pass through the membrane (proteins) |
| adhesion proteins, enzymes, receptor proteins, recognition proteins, passive and active transporters. | Proteins embedded in the lipid bilayer: |
| diffusion | A substance simply diffuses across a lipid bilayer |
| Passive transportation | a solute moves across the lipid bilayer through the interior of a passive transporter, movement driven by concentration gradient. |
| Active transportation | ATP is used to pump a solute through the lipid bilayer against the concentration gradient. |
| size, solution charge, system temperature, and system pressure | The rate of diffusion of a solute depends on: |
| Endocytosis and Exocytosis | If particles are too big for transport proteins to move them across the membrane, they undergo: |
| Vesicle movement bringing large particles into the cell. | Endocytosis is: |
| Vesicle movement ejecting substances from the cell. | Exocytosis is: |
| Phagoctyosis | Macrophages use... when a particle is too big for transporter proteins. |
| a macrophage surrounds, ingests, and then expells the particle. | Phagocytosis is: |
| osmosis | the movement of water down its concentration gradient - through a selectively permeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration. |
| tonicity | the relative concentrations of solutes in two fluids separated by a selectively permeable membrane. |
| hypotonic | The fluid with lower solute concentration is... |
| hypertonic | The fluid with higher solute concentration is... |
| hypotonic, hypertonic | Water always diffuses from... to.... |
| isotonic | .... fluids have the same solute concentration on both sides of a membrane. |
| hypertonic | red blood cells in a .... solution shrivel because all of the water diffuses out of them |
| hypotonic | red blood cells in a .... solution swell because surrounding water goes into them |
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