| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Pitu | possibly pre-Hispanic; transverse (side-blown) 6-hole cane flutes; associated with costumed dance dramas (no seasonal association) |
| Pinkillu | pre-Hispanic; vertical duct flutes (mouthpieces like a whistle, recorder); 5-hole and 6-hole versions; players often play in a "wide unison"; associated with the rainy season; higher-pitched 5-holes are performed for social and courting dances (e.g. Carnival); lower-pitched 6-hole flutes for sacred and serious portions of ceremonies (e.g. agricultural) |
| Tarka | duct flutes carved from wood; originated in Bolivia; used for social dancing during Carnival |
| Chokela and quena | pre-Hispanic, but no longer in use in Conima; end-notched vertical flutes; chokelas are the largest of the two; quenas are used widely in other parts of the Andes and are played by folkloric groups |
| Siku | pre-Hispanic; double-row panpipes played by two or more players interlocking; associated with dry season festivals (April-October); also played at weddings throughout the year |
| Extra-musical associations: | scale (minor, major); tempo (slow, fast); and range (low, high) |
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