B1U3 Lipid Digestion and Transport
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25 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Cholesterol esters | Storage form of cholesterol |
| synthesized by non-hepatic cells (and utilized within the cell) | 90% daily cholesterol input |
| synthesized in hepatic cells (50 -100%) and from diet (0-50%) | 10% of daily cholesterol input |
| 50 / 50 | % of cholesterol excreted/absorbed |
| Gastric Lipase | Secreted by glands in the stomach, acidic pH, responsible for 10-30% of overall lipolysis |
| Bile acids | Synthesized from cholesterol in liver, stored in gallbladder, release stimulated by fat in duodenum, emulsify dietary lipids |
| colipase | binds to surface of lipid emulsion, required for pancreatic lipase to work |
| orlistat | obesity drug that blocks pancreatic lipase with side-effect of statorrhea |
| 78 | % of TG broken down to 2-monoacylglycerol and 2 FA by pancreatic lipase and cholesterol esterase |
| cholesterol esterase | breaks cholesterol esters into cholesterol and FA |
| micelles | transport Lipids digested in the small intestine into intestinal epithelial cells |
| chylomicrons | Tranport dietary lipids from the intestinal epithelial cells to lymphatic system, the blood and tissues of the body |
| TG | major core lipids transported in chylomicrons |
| B 48, C, E | Apolipoprotein of chylomicrons |
| TG | major core lipids transported in VLDL |
| B 100, C, E | Apolipoproteins of VLDL |
| Short and medium chain FA (<11 Cs) | don't need to be transported by chilomicrons, directly absorbed into intestinal mucosa and sent to liver via portal vein |
| addition of apoproteins E and C from HDL | nascent chylomicron => mature |
| Apo-C II | Binds chylomicron to lipoprotein lipase |
| lipoprotein lipase | sequentially hydrolizes FA from TG in chylomicron, on capillary endothelium |
| adipose tissue | target site for chylmicron delivery of TG |
| insulin | facilitates synthesis of lipoprotein lipase and its translocation onto capillary endothelium |
| chylomocron remnant | chylomicron which is cholesterol ester rich and has had Apo-A and Apo-C removed |
| hepatic lipase | Hydrolizes remaining TG in chylomicron remnant (at liver) |
| Apo - E | ligand for LDL and LRP receptors for remnant lipoprotein |
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