Science Final 5: Bacteria & Virus
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39 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 When bacteria reproduce by binary fission.... | one cell produces two cells |
| What is the function that viruses share with living things? | They contain RNAor DNA |
| What is one way bacteria can help the eviroment? | They change nitrogen to a form plants can use |
| Which of the following is an example of bioremediation? | Usuing microorganisms to clean up an oil spill |
| The gentic material of the virus is inactive within the host cell during | The lysogenic cycle |
| How many cells do bacteria have? | 1 |
| Archaea can only live in.... | hostile enviorments |
| A cell with no nucleus is caled a(n) | prrokaryote |
| The domains _____ contain the oldest forms of life on Earth | Eubacteria and Archaebacteria |
| what obtains nutrients from other organisms? | heterotrophs |
| What uses the body of another living organism to obtain food | Parasites |
| What feeds on dead orgnic matter? | Decomposers |
| Prokaryotes.... | have one cell, can reproduce asexually, are alive, don't have a nucleus |
| Viruses.... | have no cells, are not alive, have a nucleus, need a host to reproduce, can't move or use energy, cannot be killed with antibiotics |
| What is an endospore? | They surround a bacteriums genetic material, shielding it from any harm. |
| A typical prokaryotic cell has... | cell wall, pili, flagellum, ribosomes, DNA, cell membrane, capsule |
| What are some methods bacteria aquire energy to live? | Photosynthesis, commensalism, mutualism, decomposing, and parasitism |
| What is Parasitism? | A host is harmed and the parasite benefits from it |
| What is Decomposing? | When a bacteria feeds off the nutrients of a dead creature |
| What is Mutualism? | where both organisms live and benefit from each other. |
| What is Commensalism? | when one life form benefits from the other, while the other is neither helped nor harmed |
| What are three strategies that bacteria use to become succesful? | They are small (so they can't easilt be seen) Use conjugation to pass genetic material They don't need a lot of energy They eat only a bit |
| Why can bacteria be killed by antiobiotics, but viruses can't? | Bacteria are alive while viruses are not |
| What is a vaccine? | It is a weaker version of the virus and is given to people to build up immunity. They merely stop viruses from reproducing, but they can't die. |
| What shapes do bacteria come in? | Rods, Cones, Spirals |
| What are three types of Archaebacteria? | Methane lovers, Salt Lovers, Heat Lover |
| What type of bacteria has cell walls only sometimes? | archaebacteria |
| Name 5 dieses caused by a virus: | HIV, Pollio, AIDS, Ebola, Rabies |
| Name 4 dieses caused by bacteria: | Ecoli, Antherax, Strepp, Cholera |
| Under harsh conditions, certain bacteria form a thick protective layer around their DNA...... | Endospores |
| Compare and Contrast a prokaryotic bacterial cell to a virus: | Prokaryote: • Has no nucleus • Is living • They divide by binary fission • There is no species barrier Virus: • Has keys • Can only reproduce • Isn't living • Can divide by binary or multiple fission • There is the species barrier |
| How does prokaryotic life aquire energry? | By being autotrophic and heterotrophic |
| What is the structure of a "typical" bacterium? | A typical bacterium has flagella, cytoplasm, a cytoskeleton, nucleoids, ribosomes, a cell wall, and a cell membrane. |
| T or F: bacteria are eukaryotes: | F |
| How can someone get infected after they got a vaccine? | the virus could mutate |
| What happens to a virus if it can't enter a host? | It can't reproduce |
| What is the species barrier? | A virus that has a specific set of locks that can only unlock a specific species. |
| to act as a messenger carrying instructions for DNA for making proteins. | RNA |
| What kills bacteria? | bacteriaphage |
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