Integumentary system Quiz
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33 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Skin | large waterproof covering. UV light and chemical protection |
| Accessory structures | hair, nails, glands |
| Epidermis | upper layer. Composed of (The stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum germinativum) |
| Dermis | lower layer |
| Keratinization | cells move to surface, lose water and nuclei change |
| The Stratum Corneum | outermost layer. Dead, keratinized cells. Barrier to light, heat, chemicals, microorganisms |
| The Stratum Lucidum | one to two cell layers thick. Flat and transparent. Difficult to see |
| The Stratum Granulosum | two or three layers. Flattened cells. Active keratinization. Lose nuclei. Compact and brittle |
| The Stratum Spinosum | several layers of spiny-shaped cells |
| Desmosomes | interlocking cellular bridges |
| The Stratum Germinativum | rests on basement membrane. Lowermost layer called stratum basale. New cells produced here (mitosis). |
| Melanocytes | produce melanin |
| Structures Found in Dermis | blood and lymph vessels, Nerves, Muscles, Glands, Hair follicles |
| Divisions of the Dermis | papillary, reticular, subcutaneous |
| Papillary | adjacent to the epidermis |
| Reticular | between papillary and subcutaneous |
| Subcutaneous (hypodermis) | layers of fat below the dermis |
| Hair | covers most of the surface of the body. Three parts - cuticle, cortex, medulla. Consist of Shaft, Root, and Arrector pili. |
| Shaft | visible portion |
| Root | hair follicle |
| Arrector pili | smooth muscle |
| Nails | modified epidermal cells. Consist of Lunula, body, root. Growth occurs from the nailbed |
| Lunula | white crescent |
| Body | visible portion |
| Root | covered by skin |
| Glands | Sebaceous and Sweat |
| Sebaceous | produce sebum (oil). Secretion controlled by endocrine system |
| Sweat | most numerous in palms and soles. Sweating helps cool the body |
| Functions of the Integumentary System | sensation, protection, thermoregulation, secretion. |
| Sensation | hot, cold, pressure |
| Protection | light, heat, water loss, foreign substances |
| Thermoregulation | blood vessel dilation and sweating |
| Secretion | sebum, sweat, Vitamin D |
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