| Term | Definition |
|---|
| What is Reality? | a multi-layered reality |
| What is the term for the various possible perspectives one can use to examine any person, object or experience? | Levels of Analysis |
| Complete the following sentence: ________________ levels of explanation can be _____________________. | different levels of explanation can be complimentary. |
| Define the term perception? | the act or faculty of apprehending by means of the senses or of the mind; cognition; understanding |
| According to Myers and Jeeves, how do perceptions arise? | Perceptions arise from the interaction of stimulus and perceiver. |
| Describe and explain the "subjectivist" approach to human perception. Why is it not a sufficient (adequate) explanation of reality? | The subjective extreme discounts the importance of the objective stimulus. It sees it as arbitrary mental constructions. It's not sufficient because we could not drive a car and that's something we have to know in our Reality. |
| Describe and explain the "objectivist" approach to human perception. | The "Objectivists" approach assumes that our experience mirrors our reality. |
| What is another name for the "Objectivist" approach? | Another name for this would be a stimulus perception. |
| Why is the "Objectivist" approach not sufficient (adequate) explanation of reality? | This is not adequate because are stimulus determines how we perceive things. |
| What do Myers and Jeeves say about attention? | We have a limited capacity in our brain. |
| What do Myers and Jeeves say about Experience? | From infancy to later and life. |
| What do Myers and Jeeves say about assumptions/Expectaions? | A predisposition to interpret an ambigous stimulus one way after another. |
| Define the word "schema" (plural schemas). | Ways of organizing and Interpreting Reality. |
| What does through the eyes of faith say about seeing the truth? | "Having formed a wrong idea about reality, people have more difficulty seeing the truth." |
| What quote does C.S. Lewis make on page 56 of through the eyes of faith? | "What we learn from experience depends on the kind of philosophy we bring to experience." |
| What is "Povitism" ? | The view that the only genuine knowledge of reality or of the world of observable phenomena is to be found in the positive sciences. AB |
| Who is "Immanuel Kant"? | Philosopher who wrote "Critique of Pure Reason". AD |
| Who is "David Hume"? | Philosopher who wrote "Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding". D |
| What is "self-evident truth"? | Having Certitude and incorrigibility (inability to be shifted) because it is impossible to think the opposite. C |
| What is a "tabula rosa"? | A blank slate. A |
| Who is "Karl Popper" ? | What asserts that the line between knowledge and mere opinion is determined by one criterion: falsifiability. B |
| Who is "Aristotle"? | Philosopher who said "All Men Desire To Know". AC |
| What is "reality"? | the word that most of us use to signify the independent character of the knowable. E |
| In general, it can be said that knowledge is a good without limit, that is, the more, the better. True or False? | True |
| One big difference between OPINION and KNOWLEDGE is that one can be false while the other cannot. True or False? | True |
| Knowledge, by definition, can only be true. True or False? | True |
| The History of science indicates that even the most respected conclusions sometimes have to be revised. True or False? | True |
| According to Adler's argument, something that is known cannot be believed. To say it another way, knowledge precludes (removes. rules out] belief. True or False? | False |
| According to the essay, KNOWLEDGE is the highest of all the intellectual goods. True or False? | False |
| APPREHENSION is simply another term for KNOWLEDGE. | False |
| Adler observes that genuine knowledge cannot be knowledge by one person only. It must be capable of being known by others. True or False? | True |
| That which exists whether we think it or not, and has the character that it has no matter how we think about it, is: | c.reality |
| According to Aristotle, and as cited in the essay, all men by nature desire _____________. | c. to know |
| An assertion that has no basis at all in evidence or reason is: | e. a mere opinion |
| The phrase "false Knowledge" is: | b. a contradiction in terms |
| When does Adler say that it is totally inappropriate to use the word "belief"? | d. In the case of self-evident or necessary truths. |
| Which philosophers are not discussed in Mortimer Adler's essay/chapter? | Socrates, Rubel Shelley, Diogenes Allen |
| The Universe is expanding as galaxies move from each other. True or false? | True |
| That the Universe had a beginning at a specific point in time requires a cause beyond itself (that is , a cause other than the universe itself). | True |
| Natural Selection decreases the amount of genetic information available rather than increasing it. True or False? | True |
| Mutations typically do not enhance but rather damage species. True or False? | True |
| If any factor in our universe or on our earth were only slightly different, life as we know it could not exist. True or False? | True |
| The fossil record demonstrates a wealth of transitional forms which support Darwinian Evolution. True or False? | False |
| In Darwin's day, the complexity and intricacy of the cell was widely known and understood. True or False? | False |
| Darwin admitted that the formation of the eye by natural selection seemed highly absurd. | False |
| The Principle which states that if the structure of the universe were even slightly different, life would not exist is known as the: | a. anthropic principle |
| What percentage of Americans want evidence for and against Darwin's theory taught in schools? | c. nearly 70% |
| Who is the renowned atheist philosopher who has recently come to accept and embrace Intelligent Design based on the evidence? | B. Antony Flew |
| Modern selective breeding of plants and animals is a process guided by: | a. intelligence |
| Who advocates killing disabled babies on the basis that they are "non-persons" and killing incompetent persons of any age if their families decide their lives are "not worth living"? | c. Dr. Peter Singer, Princeton biothicist |
| The science of breeding better humans through Darwinian principles is known as: | c. eugenics |
| Cosmology | b. study of the origin of the universe |
| Molecular Biology | c. study of the origin of life |
| Paleontology | a. study of the history of life |
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