World History 100 Final
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99 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Reasons for French Revolution | 1. Estates system 2. Successful American Revolution 3. Enlightenment 4. Financial Crisis |
| Ideals of the French Revolution | Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity |
| Declaration of the rights of man and citizen | Gave basic freedom, equality in French Rev. |
| Storming the Bastile | Led to the overthrow of the king. Made him accept limited monarchy |
| San Cullotes/Paris Commune | Working men part of a group called the Paris Commune that called a national assembly. Established French Republic |
| Bloody Sunday | In Russia where people went to the Czars palace for help, but were stopped and shot down by soldiers |
| March Revolution 1917 | 1. wanted peace and bread 2. Provisional Gov. after Czar stepped down 3. Stayed in WWI |
| Bolshevik Revolution 1917 | 1. Peace, Land, Bread 2. Communism 3. Russia withdraws from WWI |
| Lenin's Promise | To pull Russia out of the WWI |
| Mao Zedong | Communist leader of Northern China |
| Source of Chinese communist support | Peasants |
| Great Leap Forward | Communes set to work and live for common good -Peasants resisted and 15 million starved |
| Great Proletarian Revolution | 1. Mao believed in permanent revolution to achieve true communism 2. Little Red Book |
| Imperialism | Control of one country of the political, economic, and cultural life of an another country |
| White Man's Burden | The idea that the white men had to civilize anybody different from themselves. |
| Ethnocentrism | the practice of judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture |
| Berlin Conference | Africa was divided among European countries |
| Impact of Sepoy Mutiny | 1. British take direct control 2. Queen Victoria now empress of India |
| Impact of British rule of India | 1. Destroyed local industry 2. Heavy taxes |
| Indian National Congress | Formed in 1885. -wanted to share government -Lost Muslims to Muslim league -Lead by Gandhi later on |
| Causes of Opium War | The British needed to find something they can trade to the Chinese |
| Provisions in the Treaty of Nanjing | 1. Chinese opened 5 trading ports 2. Chinese paid for war 3. British received Hong Kong |
| Spheres of Influence | -Area of exclusive trading rights -France, Britain, Japan, Germany, Russia |
| Open door policy | Gave all nations equal access to China |
| Boxer Rebellion | Hated missionaries and Chinese Christians and killed thousands -"The society of harmonious fists" |
| Opening of Japan | Would benefit all nations by opening borders |
| Impact of Perry's visit | Resulted in Treaty of Kanagawa -2 ports opened -Japan returns sailors -Establish US embassy |
| Reasons for Japan needing colonies | Compete with the West -raw materials, slaves, markets for goods |
| Satyagraha | Gandhi's idea of non violence and truth "Truth and Firmness" |
| March to the Sea | Protested Britain's monopoly on salt |
| Gandhi's reasons for fasting | 1.To stop the violence in protests by his followers 2. To stop the Muslim Hindu violence |
| India's Independence | 1947 Split into pakistan and India |
| Effects of Partitioning of India | Muslims vs Hindu violence civil war |
| Akrikaners | Dutch Huguenot settlers in South Africa |
| The Great Trek | British took Cape Town and Afrikaners migrated north to form Transvaal and the Orange Free State |
| Boer War | Afrikaners vs. Britain -Boers surrendered after Britain used concentration camps to kill support |
| Apartheid | "Apartness" -Classified people as white, colored, or black -Discrimination |
| Sharpeville Massacre | 1. Student protest -More riots -ANC outlawed -Mandela arrested |
| ANC | African National Conference -Founded by teachings of Gandhi -Non violence |
| Nelson Mandela | Leader of the ANC -Educated people while in jail -Became South Africa's first president |
| End of Apartheid | F.W. DeKlerk decided to end it b/c of concern for increasing violence and international pressure |
| Nationalism | Pride and identity in ones country |
| Nationalism's effect on USSR | Destroyed the USSR/weakened communism -too many groups wanting to be their own country |
| Gamal Nasser | President of Egypt -Promoted Pan Arabism |
| Pan Arabism | Uniting all Arabs/Muslims |
| Anti-Semitism | Hatred and discrimination of Jews |
| Balfour Declaration | 1. Britain favored Jews in Palestine 2. Led to increase in migration into Palestine |
| UN Plan for Palestine | Israel and Palestine (1948) -Hated by Muslims, and refused to recognize Israel |
| Intifada | Arab student violence in Gaza Strip and West Bank against Jews |
| Yasir Arafat | Recognized Israel's right to exist and condemned terrorism |
| Causes of WWI | 1. Nationalism 2. Militarism 3. Alliance System |
| Event that triggered WWI | Assassination of Ferdinand by Serbians |
| Triple Alliance | Italy, Germany, Austria Hungary |
| Entente Alliance | France, Britain, USSR |
| Impact of WWI at home | Total Mobilization- Entire country's efforts 100% for war |
| Treaty of Versailles | 1. Germany forced to pay for war 2. Limited German Military 3. War Guilt on Germany and loss of land |
| Appeasement | To satisfy |
| Munich Conference | -Leaders of Britain, France, Germany, and Italy met to decide fate of Czechoslovakia -Give land to Hitler |
| Event that triggered WWII | Germany and Hitler invade Poland |
| Cause of US entry? | Attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan |
| The Allies | US, Britain, France, USSR |
| The Axis | Germany, Italy, Japan |
| Yalta Agreement | 1. United Nations 2. USSR would help with Japan 3. Stalin would allow free elections in East |
| Potsdam Conference | 1. Stalin refuses free elections 2. Stalin wants a "buffer zone" |
| Impact of WWII on Germany | -Ruins from bombs and war -Divided by Allies and USSR (east and west Germany) |
| Superpowers | USA and USSR |
| Truman Doctrine | U.S. would aid any country threatened by Communism |
| Marshall Plan | 1. Re-build Europe 2. Keep Communism out |
| Containment Policy | Keep Communism from spreading |
| Berlin Aircraft | Supplies dropped into West Berlin |
| Purpose of Berlin Wall | Keep the East Germans inside |
| Importance of Cuban Missile Crisis | Closest we have come to nuclear war |
| Prague Spring | 1968 Revolt in Czechoslovakia that was crushed by Soviets |
| Detente | Rules to govern relations between US and USSR |
| Perestroika | "Restructuring of economy" -Gorbachev |
| Glasnost | "Openness" -Lead to multi-party system -Ended communist monopoly on power |
| Lech Walsea | -Founded USSR trade union -President of Poland |
| Cause of end of Cold War | USSR COLLAPSE 1. Isolation from West 2.Space race 3. Military spending 4. Shortage of goods |
| Purpose of the UN | To maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations |
| General Assembly | Debate issues but CANNOT force action |
| Security Council | Deploys peacekeepers and impose sanctions |
| International Court of Justice | Located in the Netherlands to hold international crime trials |
| UN Headquarters | New York City, New York |
| EEC | European Economic Community(1957) -removed trade barriers -common market |
| Treaty of Maastricht | Created the European Union in 1992 |
| Reason for European Union | 1. Compete with US and Japan 2. Reduce trade barriers and create common market |
| Goal of European Union | 1. Free movement of people, goods, services 2. Create common currency 3. Provide unified government |
| Euro | Currency adopted in 1999 |
| Purpose of NATO | Collective defense for US and Europe from communism before and now to protect members |
| OPEC | Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries |
| OPEC in 1970s | Controlled gas prices negatively to those who supported Israel during the war |
| Reason for Terrorism | Using violence to intimidate or influence or method of governing |
| Islamic Fundamentalism | Tradition and disliked the Shah and the relationship with the US |
| Taliban | Terrorists organization responsible for 9/11 |
| Osama Bin Laden | Saudi Arabia millionaire -Leader in war and terrorism -Leader of Al-Qaeda |
| Armenian Genocide | During WWI, Christians were targeted and slaughtered in the Ottoman Empire by Turks |
| The Holocaust | During WWII Nazi Germany eliminated millions of Jews |
| Cause of Bosnian Conflict | Desire by Serbs to eliminate Muslims and Croats |
| Ethnic Cleansing | Eliminating unwanted groups |
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