Ap human geography review Vocab
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29 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Annexation | Legally adding land area to a city in the united states |
| Census tract | An area declined by the u.s. bureau of the census for which statistics are published; in urbanized areas, census tracts correspond roughly to neighborhoods |
| Central business district | The area of a city where retail and office activities are clustered |
| City | An urban settlement that has been legally incorporated into an independent, self-governing unit |
| Combined statistical area | In the united states, two or more contagious core based statistical areas tied together by commuting patterns |
| Concentric zone model | A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are spacially arranged in a series of rings |
| Core based statistical area | In the united states, the combination of all metropolitan statistical areas and micro politic statistical areas |
| Council of government | A cooperative agency consiting of representatives of local governments in a metropolitan area in the united states |
| Density gradient | The change in density in an urban area from the center to the periphery |
| Edge city | A large node or office and retail activities on the edge of an urban area |
| Filtering | A process of change in the use of a house, from single-family owner occupancy to abandonment |
| Gentrification | The process of converting an urban hpneighborhood from a predomitely low-income, renter-occupied area to a predominately middle-class, owner-occupied area |
| Greenbelt | A ring of land maintained as parks, agriculture, or other types of open space to limit the sprawl of an urban area |
| Metropolitan statistical area | In the united states, a central city of at least 50,000 population, the country within which the city is located, and adjacent countries meeting one of several tests indicating a functional connection to the central city |
| Multiple nuclei model | A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are arranged around a collection of nodes of activities |
| Peripheral model | A model of north American urban areas consisting of an inner city surrounded y large suburban residents land business areas tied together by a beltway or ring road |
| Primary census statistical area | In the untied states, all of the combined statistical areas plus all of the remaining metropolitan statistical areas and micro politic statistical areas |
| Public housing | Housing owned by the government; in the united states, it is rented to residents with low incomes, and the rents are set at30% of the family's income |
| Redlining | A process by which banks draw lines on a map and refuse to lend money to purchase or improve property within the boundaries |
| Rush hour | The four consecutive 15-minute periods in the morning and evening with the heaviest volumes of traffic |
| Sector model | A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are arranged around a series of sectors, or wedges., radiating out from the central business district |
| Smart growth | Legislation and regulations to limit suburban sprawl and preserve farmland |
| Social area analysis | Statistical analysis used to identify where people of similar living standards, ethnic background, and life style live within an urban area |
| Sprawl | Development of new housing sites at relatively low density and at locations that are not contagious to the existing build-up area |
| Squatter settlement | An area within a city in a less developed country in which people illegally establish residences on land they do not own or rent and erect home,and structures |
| Underclass | A group in society prevented from participating in the material benefits of a more developed society because of a variety is social and economic characteristics |
| Urban renewal | Program in which cities identify blighted inner-city neighborhoods, acquire the properties from private owners, relocate the residents and businesses, clear the site, build new roads and utilities, and turn the land over to private developers |
| Urbanized area | In the united states, a ce tral city plus it's contagious built-up suburbs |
| Zoning ordinance | A law that limits the permitted uses of land and maximum density of development in a community |
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