Nutrition
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28 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Sugar Alcohols | Sorbitol, Mannitol, Xylitol |
| Artificial Sweeteners | Saccharin, Aspartame, Acsulfame-K, Sucralose, Neotame |
| Sorbitol | made from glucose |
| Mannitol | made from mannose and galactose |
| Xylitol | from cellouse products, antimicrobial= s.mutans attracted to it but cant metabolize it, only need to be chewed for 3-5 mins |
| Saccharin | SWEET N LOW used in soft drinks and table sweeteners 300x sweeter than sucrose |
| Aspartame | EQUAL most popular in world, not suitable for cooking, PKU warning, 200x sweeter, provides calories, used in bevarges and gum |
| Acesulfame-K | SWEET ONE 200x sweeter, stable in heat so can bake, used in gum, creamers, pudding |
| Sucralose | SPLENDA 600x sweeter, stable in heat |
| Neotame | often blended with other sweeteners, 8000x sweeter, stable in heat, PKU warning |
| Diet Counseling Points | motivation, diet survey, frequency of intake most important, worse times are between meals, consistancy of foods, amount of sugar added, fermentable carbs exposure |
| Protein | main function= repair and build, amino acids, complete protiens, incomplete protiens, complimentary protiens |
| Amino Acids | 9 essential, body cannot synthesize 11 nonessential body can synthesize if nitrogen is present |
| Complete Protiens | foods that have all 9 amino acids like animal products and soybeans |
| Incomplete Protiens | lack one or more essential protien plant protiens |
| Complimentary Protiens | need to combine 2 or more protiens to compinsate for a defiencecy, use of whole grains important |
| PKU (Phenylketonuia) | inborn error of metabolism, liver cant metabolize amino acids, restrict phenylanine and avoid aspartame |
| Marasmus | TO WASTE AWAY inadequte food intake over a long term, children 6-18 months, muscle waste and poor growth |
| Kwashiorkor | severe protein deficency, 18 months-2yr, acute condition, edema of legs, abdomin and face, delayed teeth eruption and no growth |
| Lipids | satuarated, monounsaturated, polyunsatuarated, essential fatty acids |
| Saturated Fatty Acids | <10% of cals needed, reains ssolid at room temp, from beef animal fats |
| Monounsaturated Fatty Acids | <10% of cals needed, has an unsatuarated linkage with no hydrogen, from canola and olive oil, viscous in form |
| Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids | <10% of cals needed, 2 or more unsaturated linkage with no hydrrogen, liquid, from veggie oil |
| Essential Fatty Acids | must be obtained from diet, LINOLEIC=omega-6 from veggie oil or sunflowers, LINOLENIC=omega-3(3x3=9letters) good for heart, from fish, plant oils |
| Lipid Functions | source of energy, insulation for body temp, carrr\ies fat-soluble vitamins, sense of fullness, flavor and texture to foods |
| Anorexia | increase food intake, fine soft hair, decreased heart rate, excessive exsersise, amenorrhea |
| Bulimia | eats many calories then purges, bruises on oral or fingers, erosion (perimolysis) on linguals of max, thermal sensitivity, enlarged parotid glands, cheilosis, sodium flouride rinse to remineralize, sodium bicarbonate(baking soda) to rinse after vomiting |
| Pica | consumes objects like dirt, paper, coal, may be from iron deficency, damage to teeth |
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