3rd Final Exam Preparation

Terms	Definitions
Location	Northeastern Africa
circa 3000 B.C.	Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt by King Menes
circa 5000 B.C.	Settlement along the Nile
Old Kingdom	First/oldest era of Egyptian history, when pyramids were built
New Kingdom	Last of the eras of Egyptian history, when Rameses, Hatshepsut and Tut ruled
King Narmer	King Menes' other name; unifier of Egypt c. 3000 B.C.
Rosetta Stone	Stone that contained carved messages in hieroglyphics, Greek and demotic. Led to translation of ancient hieroglyphics.
Ramses	The Great Pharaoh; ruled for 67 years
Tutankhamun	Unimportant, but useful, Pharaoh
King Tut	Tutankhamun's nickname
Hatshepsut	First female pharaoh
Alexander	Greek conquerer of Egypt (circa 300 B.C.)
Ptolemy	Alexander's general who made himself pharaoh, and started Ptolemaic Dynasty which ended with Cleopatra
31 B.C.	Rome conquers Egypt
Sphinx	Large stone statue with the body of a lion and the head of a pharaoh, located at Giza
Mummification	Preservation of body for the afterlife
Peasants	Lower class builders of pyramids (not slaves)
Deity	god or goddess
Hieroglyphics	ancient Egyptian pictograph writing
Mummy	body which has been preserved and wrapped in linen
Noble	upper class person; aristocrat; hoity-toity
Papyrus	reed plant used to make early form of paper
Pharaoh	ancient Egyptian king
Pyramid	huge stone tomb for a pharaoh (or queen)
Slave	Unfree person; a person who is owned by another person and works without pay
Desert	dry or arid region with little or no vegetation
Delta	triangle shaped fertile area at the mouth of a river
Dynasty	a line or series of rulers from a single family
Cataract	area of steep rapids in a river formed by cliffs and boulders
Embalm	preserve a body after death