Middle Ages Test
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Created by:
JamieAranoff13 on May 23, 2012
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37 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Feudalism | land in exchange for a service |
| Serfs | a person who lived on and farmed a lords land in feudal times. |
| Three Field System | A farming advancement that allowed two crops to harvest at once and a third field to be dormant. Every year the fields and crops would switch. |
| Fiefs | Land given to knights instead of money |
| Manor | the landed estate of a lord (including the house on it) |
| Chivalry | The code all Knights "followed" |
| Lords | High Social Class people that got land in exchange for protection |
| Knights | Highly respected warriors of the Medieval Ages |
| Vassals | lesser lords who pledged their service and loyalty to a greater lord -- in a military capacity |
| Manorlism | peasants worked the land and produced the goods that the lord and his manor needs |
| Magna Carta | Law put down by King John that leads to many of our laws in place today. Only three still exist. |
| The Franks | A group of Germanic tribes. They became allies of the Romans and became Christian. In the 8th century they established the Carolingian rule. Perhaps the most famous leader was Charlemagne. |
| Carolingian Rule | A Frankish Dynasty |
| Charlemenge | A Frankish leader who was the first to be crowed king by a pope |
| Holy Roman Emperor | Title given to a person who had charge of not only the empire, but also the church |
| Crusades | A series of religious wars to win back the Holy Lands from Islam and to help Byzantine. All were a failure except the first Crusade. |
| Pope Urban 11 | called in to help during the crusade. He was called in for help and 100's of people came to fight. He led the first crusade which was a victory |
| The Great Schism | The split between the Western and Eastern half of the Roman Empire. |
| Tithe | A tax only peasants had to pay on the Church which was 10% of their income. |
| Salvation | (Christianity) the act of delivering from sin or saving from evil |
| Excommunication | Being "kicked out" of the Catholic Church and not being able to partake in any of its events |
| interdict | to forbid, prohibit |
| monasticism | a way of life in which men and women withdraw from the rest of the world in order to devote themselves to their faith |
| scholasticism | the system of philosophy dominant in medieval Europe |
| monk | a male religious living in a cloister and devoting himself to contemplation and prayer and work |
| asceticism | the trait of great self-denial (especially refraining from worldly pleasures) |
| bubonic plague | the most common form of the plague, Also called the Black Death was a deadly disease that spread through Europe and killed one out of every three people |
| indulgences | Selling of forgiveness by the Catholic Church. It was common practice when the church needed to raise money. The practice led to the Reformation. |
| simony | the selling of official positions in the medieval roman catholic church |
| lay investiture | The appointment of bishops and abbots by secular rulers, often in exchange for temporal protection. |
| flying buttresses | stone supports that stood outside the church |
| romanesque architecture | a style of architecture developed in Italy and western Europe between the Roman and the Gothic styles after 1000 AD, rounded arches, massive walls, small windows |
| gothic architecture | a style of architecture developed in northern France that spread throughout Europe between the 12th and 16th centuries, characterized by pointed arches, high ceilings, flying buttresses, and large stained-glass windows |
| the inquisition | Church court that punished people suspected of heresy |
| illuminated manuscripts | Another term for the illustrated books hand copied by monks which were elaborately decorated, very rare, and very highly prized in medieval society |
| guild system | A system for specialized workers in the medieval times. It would set regulations for price and other factors to eliminate competition in the town, kept the number of people in a specific job limited, had to go through apprenticeship -> journey man ->master |
| secular | concerning those not members of the clergy |
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