| Term | Definition |
|---|
| severe acute respiratory syndrome | SARS |
| 1st phase | high fevers but few symptoms (SARS) |
| 2nd phase | days 7-11 x-rays show increasing spread of pneumonia (SARS) |
| 3rd phase | pulmonary destruction (SARS) |
| 2 years, 1980s | it took _____ to identify HIV in _____ |
| 11/2002 | 1st case of SARS appeared in China among food handlers |
| Ribavirin | treatment for SARS which suppresses the virus |
| flies, flood, fingers, feces, fields | 5 F's (portal of entry) |
| antigenic drift | minor mutations-change in DNA/RNA sequence |
| antigenic shift | major mutations wherein animal virus and human virus same cells and exchange of genetic information with each other |
| proofreading | DNA polymerase have __________ and can correct mutations |
| RNA | viruses show mutations often |
| HA hemagglutinen | surface protein that enables virus to bind to human cell surface |
| neuraminidase | accelerates release of viral particles from cell surface |
| point mutation | due to lack of proofreading |
| recombination | RNA mixes cell new viral progeny |
| multiply | viruses that can ____ best survive |
| genetic changes in virus and ecological niche changes | how do epidemics arise? |
| hanta virus | ____________ infects Navajos due to climate change |
| cholera | disease correlated with ocean warming from el nino/el nina |
| small pox | spanish conquistadors conquered Aztecs and Mayans because the former were immune to ______ and they carried the virus with them |
| Avian Flu virus | (H5N1) "Nature's Bioterrorist" |
| human respiratory cells | H5- Hemagglutinin binds to .. |
| Neuraminidase | allows viruses to exit our cells to infect others |
| Cambodia | 1st reported human case of H5N1 was in _____ in Jan 2005 |
| inhaling viruses | we can get disease by ______ from feces of birds |
| respiratory system | avian flu virus appears to directly attack the __________ |
| digestive systems | ducks are big problems as they harbor 15 strains of H5N1 in their _______ |
| neuraminidase inhibitors | if infected or exposed to H5N1, you need to take ______ to prevent viral release from infected cells |
| flu drugs | _____ stop working once you stop taking them |
| Tamiflu | Virgin atlantic pruchased 10,000 cases of ______ for employees flying to Asia |
| stops | Drug GS4104 ______ spread of influenza viruses bet. cells in mucous membranes fo nose and lungs |
| neuraminidase | allows newly formed viral particles to bud from an infected cell |
| human herpesvirus 6 | =MS (infects babies with fever; lies dormant--activated by aging) |
| Herpes simplex 1 | =Alzheimer's |
| HHV-6 | Schizophrenia |
| hemophilus influenzae | multiple sclerosis |
| anthrax | bacillus anthracis |
| viral hemorrhagic forms | huge worry/ every opening |
| DNA | smallpox is a ______ virus (DNA/RNA) |
| 18th century | By late ______, epidemics became containable (vaccines/sanitation) |
| 1793 | in _______ (year) yellow fever cut off Philadelphia from world trade but city bounced back |
| cholera | in 1800s _________ (disease) shut down trade in NY and London but bounced back |
| 1900s | in ____Bubonic plague stalled San Francisco's economy |
| 1918 | in _____ spanish flu killed 20,000,000 pandemic |
| mid 1990s | year antibiotics arose |
| endemic | premanently established in the region |
Combine with other sets
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