Rome section 1 geography
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27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Italy | A peninula in southern Europe that looks like a boot sticking out into the Mediterranean Sea |
| Alps | Europe's highest mountains, in northern Italy |
| Apennines | Mountains that run the length of Italy, made it hard to cross from one side to another |
| Mount Vesuvius | Volcanic mountain in Italy |
| Physical Features of Italy | Mountains and hills, cities built on hills by rivers |
| Rome | Main city of Italy, built by Tiber River forfresh water and on 7 hills, for defense, plentiful food crops because of climate |
| Climate of Italy | Like California, warm, dry summers and mild, rainy winters, grapes, olives fruits grow there |
| History of Rome | No records exist, Romans wanted glorious past, told legends of great heroes |
| Legends | Stories |
| Aeneas | Trojan War hero, left Troy after war and settled in Italy, formed alliance with Latins, fought other people of Italy, married daufhter of Latin king, descendants became rulers of Italy |
| Aeneid | Epic poem written by Virgil that tells story of Aeneas' long and dangerous journey from Troy to Italy |
| Romulus and Remus | According to legend, twin Brothers, descendants of Aeneas, put in basket in Tiber River to drown, rescued And raised by wolves, adopted by shephard, built city to mark where they were rescued, Remus made fun of Romulus' idea so Romulus killed him and named city Rome after himself, became first king of Rome |
| Roman kings | 7 kings, Romulus was first one, some were not Roman, they were Etruscan, last king was cruel and was over thrown by nobles to form new government, a republic |
| Etruscan | People who lived north of Rome, before Rome was founded, some were kings of Rome, built temples, sewer, alphabet, numbers |
| Why Romans wanted to get rid of monarchy | Last Roman king was cruel and had many people killed, including his own advisors |
| Republic definition | Government where people elect leaders to govern themselves, the US is an example of one |
| Why Rome was not a democracy | Elected officials were from small group of wealthy and powerful men, they held all power, other people had little or no say in how the republic was run |
| Dictator definition | Ruler with absolute power |
| Roman republic | created in Rome in 509 BC, new elections every year so no one got too powerful, not a democracy |
| Why Rome had dictators | There were difficult wars with other people in the region, Romans were losing and wanted strong leaders |
| Dictator's term of office | In Rome, they served for only 6 months so they would not abuse their power |
| Cincinnatus | Famous Roman dictator, was a farmer, successfully defeated city's enemies, admired because he gave up power, loyal to the republic |
| American Cincinnatus | George Washington was called this because he would notnrun for 3rd term of office |
| Cincinnati | City in Ohio named after Cincinnatus |
| Plebians | Common people, craftspeople, peasants, traders, workers, majority of population, No say in government and wanted change, eventually gained right to participate in government, became traders and rich |
| Patricians | Nobles, wealthy powerful citizens, Small minority of population, controlled government since they were the only ones who could be elected, could not be traders |
| Why Rome changed government | Plebians formed a council and elected their own officials, patricians were afraid Rome would fall apart if 2 groups couldn't coooperate |
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