Unit 10: Digestive System
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13 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 mouth | teeth tear and crush the moistened food into a fine paste until it is ready to be softened; digestive enzymes begin to break food molecules into smaller pieces |
| salivary glands | they secret saliva; amylase - enzyme that breaks chemical bonds |
| pharynx | portion of digestive tract that receives food from mouth |
| epiglottis | flap made of cartilage in the throat behind the tongue & in front of the larynx; separates breathing & eating tube |
| esophagus | food tube connected to stomach; peristalsis - contractions of smooth muscle around esophagus |
| stomach | enzyme - pepsin; has glands that release mucus, hydrochloric acid, etc |
| small intestine | where most chemical digestion takes place; absorbs nutrients; villi helps absorb nutrients |
| large intestine | removes water from material |
| rectum | area where waste exits the body |
| pancreas | secretes enzymes that help break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats; produces hormones to regulate blood sugar, produces sodium bicarbonate |
| liver | produces bile - bile acts like a detergent |
| gall bladder | stores bile |
| appendix | does nothing |
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