1.
At the right limit of the porta, the right and left leaves of the lesser omentum become continuous to form what structure?: The free margin of the lesser omentum, aka the hepatoduodenal ligament.
2.
From which structure is the "classical" liver lobule drained?: Central vein.
3.
How do the hepatic artery and portal vein enter the liver?: Through the porta hepatis.
4.
How much does the liver weigh?: Between 1 and 2kg, or 1/40th of total body weight.
5.
The hepatic and cystic ducts come together to form which structure?: Common bile duct.
6.
What are the features of the liver's visceral surface?: 1. Gallbladder,
2. Fissure for the ligamentum teres (round ligament),
3. Fissure for the ligamentum venosum, and
4. Porta hepatis.
7.
What are the two surfaces of the liver?: 1. Diaphragmatic surface: anterior facing has a peritoneum, but posterior does not (it's bare).
2. Visceral surface: flat and covered with peritoneum.
8.
What did the ligamentum teres (round ligament) derive from?: Umbilical vein.
9.
What did the ligamentum venosum derive from?: Ductus venosus.
10.
What exits via the porta hepatis?: The hepatic ducts.
11.
What is a Kupffer cell?: Specialized macrophages located in the liver. They line the walls of the sinusoids that form the reticuloendothelial system.
12.
What is the porta hepatis?: A transverse fissure between the neck of the gallbladder and the junction of the fissures for lig. teres and lig. venosum.
13.
What structure joins with the hepatic duct just below the porta hepatis?: The cystic duct from the gallbladder.
14.
What structure separates the liver from the heat in the developing embryo?: Septum transversum.
15.
Where is the exact location of the liver?: Right upper extent is just under the nipple in 4th intercostal space, across from xiphisternal joint. Left extent is one or two intercostal spaces lower under left nipple.
16.
Which duct joins the common bile duct to enter the duodenum? What structure regulates entry?: Pancreatic duct joins common bile duct. Entry to duodenum regulated by sphincter of Oddi.