Biology final chapter 10
Order by
20 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 DNA | a nucleic acid that carries the genetic information in a cell |
| structure of DNA | consists of 2 long chains of nucleotides twisted into a double helix |
| nucleotide | a monomer of a nucleic acid that consists of a 5 carbon sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base |
| base sequence | the order of bases in one chain is complementary to the order of bases on the opposite chain |
| helicases | enzymes that separate DNA strands; breaking the H-bonds between complementary nitrogenous bases |
| DNA polymerases | enzymes add complementary nucleotides to each new strand |
| semi conservative replication | each new DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one replicated strand |
| replication | where synthesis occurs in opposite directions |
| mutations | a change in the nucleotide base sequence of a DNA molecule |
| transcription | DNA acts as template for synthesis of RNA |
| translation | RNA directs the assembly of protein |
| Protein synthesis | process of RNA forming proteins based on information in DNA |
| RNA | a natural polymer that is present in all living cells and plays a role in protein synthesis |
| mRNA | carries instructions from a gene to make a protein |
| rRNA | part of the structure of a ribosome |
| tRNA | transfers amino acids to the ribosome to make a protein |
| RNA polymerase | an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of RNA on a DNA molecule, binds to a promoter |
| promoter | RNA polymerase adds nucleotides complementary to the ones on the DNA strand |
| genetic code | rules for home a sequence of nitrogenous bases in nucleotides correspond to particular amino acids |
| codon | a start/stop signal |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.