Human Geography Case Studies
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Created by:
liamjallan on May 28, 2012
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Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Urban Change MEDC | Birmingham Third largest city in the UK with pop. of 1 million Used to be heavily industrial but now 80% of its economic output is generated by the tertiary sector Derelict land in inner ring, brownfield sites, high pockets of deprivation made up of non-white population in the majority (some areas over 60% of the population Growth has caused congestion, strain on transport system, many of the roads and central railway stations are packed at peak periods High unemployment, services closing or lacking, inadequacy found in inner ring |
| Urban Change LEDC | Dhaka, Bangladesh 7 million people grown five times in tha last twenty years Cheap labour, 25% unemployed, those employed are working for low pay, in poor condiitons, rickshaws and begging, informal economy Only two thirds of households in Dhaka are served by the city water supply system There 4000 people per doctor an only 45000 hospital beds Literacy rate is low at 45% and majority are below the poverty line |
| Urban Sustainability | Econ Towns in the UK Towns are to be carbon neutral in construction and operation, have 50% affordable housing, lots of open space, services within walking distance, highly insulated housing, use of solar panels Dongtan in China Expected growth from 2500 in 2010 to 500000 in 2030 Renewable energies and rainwat er purification to make it self sufficient, hydrophonics will produce rice, streets laid out to favour public transport, bikes and pedestrians |
| Urban Management | London 8.5 million population, density 4,800 people per km squared Car ownership high, 2.5 millions cars, congestion charge since 2007 had reduced traffic by 20% 4m tonnes of waste a year Clean Air Acts have reduced air pollution |
| Rural: West Oxfordshire | Ageing populatrion with a high percentage of retired people, low birth rate, expansions beyond its greeen belt due to the attractive scenery, good links to London via trai nor M40 Pear Tree Park and Ride scheme to ease congestion but adds oressyres ti tge rural areas Loss of habitats to make way for development has increased flood risk in areas Loss of rural services such as post offices Many larger villages with pop. over 1000 have a school, community hall and often a pub, only six have their own petrol stations Oxofrd Science Park has meant the use of hevay machinery has resulted in soil erosion |
| Rural: South Africa | In the Eastern Cape farming is largely poor-quality pastoral and yields are low There is little water (3km walk to get it), power or sanitation Widespread unemployment and poverty due to few local services or sources of employment The region is remote and isolated from the main centres of economic activity Rainfall is low and variable which adds to the other issues with farming such as the high cots of water and seeds. 20% - 30% of land is not being used as inaccessible Welcomewood and Pelton are remote although there is a regualr bus service from Peelton to Bisho which makes commuting easier Only 4% of the Amatholes' workers are considered skilled |
| Tourism: Issues | Jamaica (NIC) Seasonality of jobs with 25% of hotel workers being laid off during the off season, however direct employment amounted to 92000 and including indirect over 250000. Largest source of foreign exchange. Mass tourism, overfishing and industrial pollution are threatening coral reefs. However three national parks have been created and entry fees pay for conservation. Myanmar (LEDC) Atrracts between 100,000 to 200,000 foreign visitors and counts for 7% of GDP. Burma Campaign UK claims that more than one million people ahve been displaced in order to beautify cities and major human rights have been abused. In Pagan, 5000 people who lived in ancient villages were given two weeks to pack up and leave |
| Tourism: Sustainability | Ecuador Over 25,000 species of plants and and 15,000 species of birds. The Galapgos National Park extends to 97% of the total land area and every visitor must pay £65 on arrival at the aiport to the Charles Darwin Research Station There are detailed rules for tourists regarding litter, smoking, following paths and not touching animals. Has park rangers to patrol sensitive areas. Antarctica The voluntary code developed by the IAATO states that tourists are not to collect souvenirs, encouraged to take all rubbish, must keep a certain distance from wildlife, onshore visitors are limited Fragile ecosystem areas which are of unique scientific interest and disturbances to the permaforst area has a long lasting impact for example Tourist ships controlled to ensure they have anti-pollution equipment |
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