History exam review
About this set
Created by:
anish7singhal on May 28, 2012
Subjects:
Description:
this has all the stuff on the packet
Classes:
High School of the Dead, Brookfield Academy 8
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
134 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 seeing things | take off your blinders. appreciate others point of view |
| point of view | this is how a person sees something based on WHO he is. education, family, nationality, experiences, religion, and a host of other things can contribute to this. |
| frame of reference | how a person sees events based on WHERE he is. a man on the dock has a different recollection of a ship leaving than does a man on the ship |
| themes | things that motivated individuals to act throughout history. must show specific person doing a specific action |
| land | includes water and natural resources |
| power | three sources...votes, force, wealth in the US only votes and wealth are legit |
| religion | deals with morality and immortality |
| morality | see what's right or wrong |
| immortality | The quality of the spiritual human soul whereby it survives the death of the body |
| exploration | to travel to little known or unknown places to learn about them |
| the Age of Sail | that period of time when sailing ships were the driving mover of the development of society |
| advances | that which moves the world forward |
| barriers to carriers | oceans became highways in the Age of Sail |
| Christopher Columbus | genoese sailor, working for spain, he discovered the New World in 1492 |
| Prince Henry the Navigator | a portuguese prince who started a school for navigation. he brought together the finest sailors, ship builders, navigators, chart makers, etc |
| Portugal | brazil |
| spain | western SA, central america, NA, caribbean coast, florida |
| england | eastern coast |
| france | canada, LT |
| holland | NY |
| Sweden | new jersey |
| Aztec | mexico |
| maya | Guatemala, Yucatan Peninsula, |
| Inca | peru |
| culture areas | geographic areas where humans live a similar life style (plains, SW, eastern woodland) |
| relations with france | french men married indians and lived among tribes. their children were raised with loyalty more for the tribal leaders than for the French king |
| relations with great britain | the british kept separate from the indians and suffered through many wars and rebellions because of this. only pennsylvania |
| clash of cultures | when 2 cultures come together things will change for each. in the case of conquest, the conquered must learn the way of the conquerers. |
| Jamestown | 1607-the first permanent English in N America |
| John Smith | the first true leader in English N America. his rule was those who don't work, don't eat. this set the tone for the Land of Opportunity |
| Plymouth | 1620-first english settlement started for religious reasons |
| Pilgrims | separatists who had left the Church of England and were being persecuted by James I. they chose to come to the New World to avoid more trouble. |
| The Mayflower | the ship that the Pilgrims rode to the New World |
| the mayflower compact | an agreement by those on the Mayflower to make and obey laws for their colony; this was the first self-rule by American colonists |
| religion in New England | prime motivator for the region |
| Puritanism | a sect within the Church of England that wanted to see a less fancy, more devout church |
| Roger Williams | Puritan dissenter who was banished for his radical ideas-Indians pay for their land; 2. church and state should be separate; 3. keep the government out of an individual's religious decisions. he ran off to found Providence, later found Rhode Island |
| Salem Witch Trials | puritan judges executed a number of people and animals in order to purge the settlement of Salem of witches. When a particularly devout woman was accused of witchcraft, people realized that the trials had run out of control and that innocents had been executed. this was another black mark agains the puritan ministers |
| the great migration | Jonathon winthrop led 20,00 puritans across to the New World between 1630 and 1640 to avoid persecution in their native England |
| colonization | to found or establish settlements in order to exert control over a geographic area |
| types of colonies | royal, self-governing, proprietary, corporate, trusteeship |
| 13 colonies | Virginia, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Maryland, Connecticut, Rhode Island, Delaware, N. Carolina, New York, New Jersey, Carolina, Pennsylvania, Georgia |
| Land of Opportunity | in the New World a person's worth and position in society were not determined by birthright |
| apprentice | a boy who, by contract, was taught a trade by a master craftsmen in exchange for food, shelter, and clothing. |
| indentured servant | a european, already skilled, who contracts to work a certain number of years in exchange for the cost of a voyage to America |
| slave | a person who is owned by another and all their labor belongs to their master |
| rights | things that cannot be taken away, except through due process of law |
| DR of Kings | the European political philosophy that teaches God gave all power to a single person, the king, who may give or take any rights as he sees fit |
| Natural Rights | the idea that all humans are born with rights, which include the right to life, liberty, and property and governments are created by the consent of the people in order to protect these rights |
| rights versus privileges | a right can't be taken away except through due process of law. a privilege requires permission from another |
| France v. Great Britain | after holland and sweden left, spain was busy with her empire and russia was far away, so the fight was between france and GB |
| 4 wars | between spain and france |
| french and indian war/7 years war | was decisive |
| prelude to revolution | with the french threat removed, the british gov decided that the time was right to micromanage their american empire. the british colonists had, however, been governing themselves since early 1600s |
| proclamation line of 1763 | in order to avoid costly indian wars, the british government decided that colonists couldn't locate west of the top of the Appalachian Mtns. |
| Stamp Act | in order to raise money to pay the war debt for the four wars agains France, the British levied a tax on American colonists only. This first put a tax on all legal documents |
| Taxation without representation is tyranny | without the ability to elect representatives to parliament, the British colonists took up this slogan to express their claim that unless they had a say in government, the government would have no right to levy taxes on them |
| Reaction is a boycott | the british gov. had promised wealth through trade to merchants who had paid additional taxes during the F & 1 war. this produced the opposite effect and those merchants, who could vote, saw to it that the Stamp Act was repealed |
| Stamp Act Congress | this was the first time the colonists worked together |
| townshend acts | this internal tax was a second attempt to tax the colonists alone |
| external v internal tax | external are added on to the final cost of an item. internal is already in the final cost of the product |
| Boston Massacre | when some british soldiers panicked and killed 5 colonists, sam adams and paul revere turned it into a propaganda victory |
| boston tea party | dressed as indians, the sons of liberty threw tea into the boston harbor, rather than let it land and the tax be paid |
| coercive acts | the british set of laws designed to punish the colonists for the boston tea party. Quebec Act, Quartering Act, Administration of Justice Act, Boston Port Act, and Massachusetts Government Act |
| too much punishment | instead of alienating the radicals in Boston, these acts were so severe that they brought the other colonies in on the side of Boston |
| Sam Adams | the great agitator of the revolution, he started committees of correspondence and the songs of liberty |
| patrick henry | the great orator, "GIVE ME LIBERTY OR GIVE ME DEATH!" |
| thomas paine | pamphleteer, "common sense" and "the crisis" |
| propaganda | Ideas spread to influence public opinion for or against a cause. |
| first continental congress | the colonists came together to have rebellious representatives at a central location |
| first continental congress | the colonists came together to have rebellious representatives at a central location |
| second continental congress | more radical than the FCC it ran the Revolution |
| the shot heard around the world | the first shot of the revolution, fired on Leington Green. First time a colony had risen against a mother country and issued in the Age of Revolution |
| The revolutionary war | to gain independence from G.B. France was a great ally |
| george washington | 1st pres. commander of continental army, model of civic virtue who gave up throne of US |
| Cornwallis caught at Yorktown | the final battle of the revolution, cornwallis was surrounded by 2 american and 1 french army. he was forced to surrender |
| treaty of paris 1783 | ended AR |
| independence | we became a separate country |
| articles of confederation | first gov of US |
| weak gov | it couldnt solve a nation's problems |
| Northwest ordinance | only good law passed during the AOC period, it provided a way for new and equal states to be made. |
| Constitution of US | our present system of gov. provided for a constitutional republic |
| philadelphia convention | originally called to fix AOC, this is where Constitution was written |
| James Madison's plan | 3 branches/system of checks and balances |
| executive | to enforce laws |
| legislative | write laws |
| judicial | interpret laws |
| senate | equal number/2 per state |
| HOR | by population at least one per state |
| political parties | citizens who band together based on common ideas/ GW didn't want these |
| Democratic-Republican | Thomas Jefferson Feared central government democratic / faith in common man |
| federalists | alexander hamilton / John Adams strong central government aristocratic |
| census | physical count of the people of the US taken every 10 years in order to provide for the election of representatives |
| Louisiana Purchase | bought from France by Thomas Jefferson, it doubled the size of US |
| Lewis & Clark | send by TJ to record the flora and fauna of the newly purchased area |
| industrialization | more technologically advanced, productive manufacturing |
| power loom | sam slater brought the secret of making sloth faster to the US |
| cotton gin | eli whitney figured a way to clean cotton accidentally making slavery profitable again |
| steam engine | robert fulton designed a machine that could pull the weight of all manufactured goods |
| transition from farm economy | people started moving into cities for employment |
| canals | man made waterways that connect 2 bodies of water |
| improved roads | plank, macadams |
| Missouri Compromise | restricted growth of slavery in LT |
| Frederick Douglass | led many slaves up to the north |
| characteristics of money | portable, generally accepted, divisible, stores value, measures value |
| definition of money | anything generally accepter in exchange for goods or services, or in payment of debt |
| Jackson v the Bank | jackson's opponents convinced the 2nd bank of US to apply 4 years early for a 20 year extension on its charter, so that it could be used as a campaign issue. when jackson won he killed off the bank early by removing all gov. money |
| pet banks | these were the frontier banks in the S and W where AJ deposited the money he had taken out of the Bank of the US. His political supporters were from those areas and he wanted them to benefit. |
| Inflation | too much money chasing too few goods, money is devalued and prices rise |
| specie | gold/silver especially coin |
| Latter Day Saints | new American religion |
| Mormons | members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints |
| Joseph Smith | in the early 1800s in NY he had a vision of God leading him to a set of golden tablets upon which was written the Book of Mormon, another book of the Bible. Jesus supposedly visited the New World. Smith later went on to evoke polygamy and other unpopular tenets. He was killed in eastern IL, along with his brother Hyrum |
| Brigham Young | 2nd leader of Mormon Church, he led thousands to their new home in the basin of great salt lake in what is now Utah |
| texas | originally spanish, then part of Mexico |
| Texas war for Independence | not a US war, this is Mexicans v Texans |
| Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna | dictator of Mexico on occasions, he was a great organizer but poor general |
| sam houston | leader of Texans and first president of the republic of texas |
| Jim bowie/davey crockett | texan heroes of the alamo |
| the alamo/goliad/San Jacinto | 3 big battles of war |
| Mexican-American War | us v Mexico in border dispute war |
| disputed boundary | between Nueces river and Rio grande |
| training for the generals on Civil war | Grant Lee Jackson Sherman etc |
| Winfield Scott/Z. Taylor | 2 leading US generals, Taylor ahd ambition and was ordered to hold. Scott took Mexico City. |
| Treaty gives US southwestern US | treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo |
| Gadsen Purchase | several years later, the us bought another silver of northern mexico completing the present boundary of us |
| education of women | from care of the home to female education...Mary Lyon and Sarah Pierce |
| life in the mills | from great conditions to wage slaves because of competition cost-cutting |
| compromise of 1850 | tried to avoid conflict through diplomacy |
| Kansas-Nebraska Bill | popular sovereignty used to get Stephen Douglass votes |
| Bleeding Kansas | civil war between Free-Soldiers and Border Ruffians, introduces John Brown |
| Senator Sumner attacked | beaten by Rep. whose uncle had been verbally attacked |
| Dred Scott Decision | slave brought to free area, supreme court decision ended the idea of free states |
| Civil War | in general terms |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.