Mechanical systems
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45 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 lever | a rigid bar pivoted about a fulcrum |
| Fulcrum | the pivot about which a lever turns |
| Effort Force | the force applied to a machine when a machine is used to do work. |
| Load | a quantity that can be processed or transported at one time |
| Effort Arm | the part of a lever on which an effort force is applied |
| Load Arm | distance between the load force and fulcrum |
| Class 2 Lever | A lever in which the load is between the fulcrum and the effort. |
| Class 3 Lever | A lever in which the effort is between the fulcrum and the load |
| Joules | Unit of Energy |
| Inclined Plane | a simple machine for elevating objects |
| Input Work | the work done on a machine as the input force acts through the input distance |
| Output Work | the work done by a machine as the output force acts through the output distance |
| Mechanical Advantage | the ratio of the force exerted by a machine to the force applied to it |
| Speed | distance traveled per unit time |
| Ergonomics | The study of workplace equipment design or how to arrange and design devices, machines, or workspace so that people and things interact safely and most efficiently. |
| Carpal Tunnel Syndrome | a disorder caused by compression of a nerve in the carpal tunnel (where the nerve passes through the wrist) |
| Winch | lifting device consisting of a horizontal cylinder turned by a crank on which a cable or rope winds |
| Radius | the length of a line segment between the center and circumference of a circle or sphere |
| Wheel and Axle | hoist so arranged that a rope unwinding from a wheel is wound onto a cylindrical drum or shaft coaxial with the wheel |
| Gear | a toothed wheel that engages another toothed mechanism in order to change the speed or direction of transmitted motion |
| Gear Train | A group of 2 or more gears |
| Driving Gear | The gear that is providing force to turn the other one. Often, this gear is attached directly to the motor axle. |
| Driven Gear | The gear that is receiving the force to produce motion. |
| Sprocket | tooth on the rim of gear wheel |
| Speed Ratio | The relationship between the speed of rotations of a smaller gear and a larger gear, can be calculated by dividing the number of driver gear teeth by the number of follower gear teeth. |
| Pulley | a simple machine consisting of a wheel with a groove in which a rope can run to change the direction or point of application of a force applied to the rope |
| Fixed Pulley | A pulley attached in position above a load to be lifted. |
| Moveable Pulley | attached to the object being lifted and it decreases the amount of force needed to lift a load |
| Block and Tackle | pulley blocks with associated rope or cable |
| Compound Pulley | Two or more pulleys working together |
| Kinetic Energy | the mechanical energy that a body has by virtue of its motion |
| Potential Energy | the mechanical energy that a body has by virtue of its position |
| Transmission | the act of sending a message |
| Efficiency | the ratio of the output to the input of any system |
| Force | force into or from an action or state, either physically or metaphorically |
| Area | a part of a structure having some specific characteristic or function |
| Pressure | the force applied to a unit area of surface |
| Pascals Law | a gas or liquid exerts an equal force in all directions in a closed container |
| Hydraulic Lift | Mechanical system that raises heavy objects. |
| Closed System | system in which blood is contained within a network of blood vessels |
| Hydraulic Systems | use the force of a liquid in a confined space, apply two essential characteristic of fluids - their in compressibility and their ability to transmit pressure |
| Pneumatic Systems | Transportation system used in many health care facilities for specimens and paper-based documentation. |
| Valve | control consisting of a mechanical device for controlling the flow of a fluid |
| Pump | a mechanical device that moves fluid or gas by pressure or suction |
| Subsystem | a system that is part of some larger system |
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