| Term | Definition |
| motion | a change in position in a certain amount of time |
| frame of reference | a system of objects that are moving relative to one another |
| relative motion | the movement of an object relative to a frame of reference |
| distance | the length of the path between two points |
| science | a system of knowledge and methods used to find that knowledge |
| technology | application of knowledge |
| scalar | quantity described by magnitude but not direction (time, area, volume) |
| vector | a quantity that has magnitude and direction |
| speed | ratio between the distance an object moves and the amount of time required to move that distance |
| average speed | the overall rate of speed at which an object moves; calculated by dividing the total distance an object travels by the total time |
| instantaneous speed | the rate at which an object is moving at a given moment in time |
| velocity | the speed of an object in a particular direction |
| acceleration | the rate at which velocity changes over time |
| force | a push or a pull that causes an object to accelerate |