Science Chapter 7 & 9
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23 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Reactant | A substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction |
| Product | A substance that forms in a chemical reaction |
| Chemical energy | The energy released when a chemical compound reacts to produce new compounds |
| Endothermic | A chemical reaction that requires energy input |
| Exothermic | A chemical reaction in which energy is released to the surroundings as heat |
| Chemical Equation | A representation of a chemical reaction that uses symbols to show the relationship between the reactants and products |
| Synthesis | A reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new compound |
| Decomposition | A reaction in which a single compound breaks down to form two or more simpler substances |
| Combustion | The oxidation reaction of an organic compound in which heat is produced |
| Single Displacement | A reaction in which one element or radical takes the place of another element or radical in a compound |
| Double Displacement | A reaction in which gas, a solid precipitate, or a molecular compound forms from the apparent exchange of atoms or ions between two compounds |
| Neutralization | A reaction between an acid and a base that produces two netral compounds |
| Oxidation-reduction | Any chemical change in which one substance loses electrons and other substance gains electrons |
| Reduced | Substances that accept electrons |
| Oxidized | Substances that give up electrons |
| Oxygen Gas | A reactant in every combustion reaction |
| Catalyst | A substance that changes the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed or changes |
| Strength | A measure of the concentration of hydronium and hydroxide ions in solution |
| Law of Conservation of Mass | States that mass cannot be created or destroyed and therefore the mass of the reatants must equal the mass of the products |
| Indicator | A compound that changed color depending on conditions such as pH |
| pH | A value that is used to express the acidity or alkalinity of a substance |
| Weak Acid | Black coffee has a pH of 5 and is considered -- |
| Strong base | Drain cleaner has a pH of 14 and is considered -- |
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