Grade 10 Final Exam Vocab S2
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26 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Napoleon | 1799-1815 Napoleon Bonaparte influenced france and europe. At 1804 Napoleon announced himself as an emperor. He also spread his empire over Europe. Napoleon fails over the war against Spain Austria Russia and finally, the British at the battle of Waterloo. Napoleon made life better for the middle class and the poor. He also built hospitals and roads. Napoleon spread the idea of revolution over Europe as well as sold Louisiana to America allowing them to expand. |
| Corsica | French island where Napoleon was born. |
| Coronation | the act of crowning |
| religious tolerance | Willingness to let others to practice their own religion. Napoleon protected religious freedom for catholics when he came to power. |
| Napoleonic Code | The Napoleonic code said all men were equal before the law; protected religious freedom; and abolished the feudal system however women could still not vote, mails had control over their wives and children. |
| Plebiscite | a direct vote of all the people of a country or district on an important matter. Napoleon was constantly supported in all these Plebiscites because he gave the men more power. |
| Son of the Revolution | nickname given to Napoleon by himself after he came to power to show that he was part of the revolusion |
| Guerrilla warfare | a hit-and-run technique used in fighting a war; fighting by small bands of warriors using tactics such as sudden ambushes. The Spanish were very successful in doing this against Napoleon. |
| Russian campaign | Napoleon tried to add Russia to his empire; had a huge army and moved into Russia in September. Russians used the scorched earth policy; Russia retreated and lured them deeper in and burnt everything in their path. in the end the french army retreated but almost all of them died from the cold and hunger. |
| scorched-earth | burning grain fields and slaughtering livestock so as to leave nothing that the enemy could eat. Used by Alexander in Russia against Napoleon |
| Metternich | Metternich was in control of the congress of Vienna that sought to make Europe stable once more. made Austria powerful once more. |
| Waterloo | the battle on 18 June 1815 in which Napoleon met his final defeat, Located in Belgium, the place where the british army and the prussian army forces attacked the french. Napoleon's final defeat against the British and Prussians |
| Congress of Vienna | Meeting of representatives of European monarchs called to reestablish the old order after the defeat of Napoleon |
| Balance of Power | distribution of military and economic power that prevents any one nation from becoming too strong. This idea first appeared after Napoleon had failed. |
| Concert of Europe | a series of alliances among European nations in the 19th century, devised by Prince Klemens von Metternich to prevent the outbreak of revolutions |
| Nationalism | The idea that certain group of people should be united by some sort of similarity such as language, culture, historical even, religion etc. and form a country with love to that country. |
| Abdication | stepping down from power. |
| Annexation | the formal act of acquiring something (especially territory) by conquest or occupation |
| Conservatives | a group of officials, noble landowners and church leaders who work together to support the political and social order that existed before the French Revolution. * wanted to restore royal families to the thrones they had lost when Napoleon swept across Europe. supported social hierarchy. lower had to obey. backed an established church Catholic in Austria and southern Europe. they also believed that talk about natural rights and constitutional government could lead only to chaos. defended peace and stability. supress revolutionary ideas.freedom of the press. |
| Liberals/radicals | the liberals and the radicals were against the conservatives. the liberals mostly spoke for the middle class. liberals included business owners, bankers and lawyers, as well as politicians, newspaper editors, writers and other who helped to shape public opinion. liberals wanted governments to be based on written constitutions and separation of powers. against divine-right monarchy, aristocrats and the church. rights such as freedom of thought, speech and religion. only male property owners or other with a financial stake in society can vote. |
| Suffrage | the right to vote. only men could vote at this time "universal manhood suffrage" liberal idea. |
| Serbia | Revolted against the Ottomans from 1804 to 1813 and failed but than in 1815 there was a second revolt which was successful and helped the serbs gain autonomy. russia helped the serbs defeat the Ottomans. |
| autonomy | self-government, political control of your own country or area. |
| Greece | in 1821 the greeks revolted to get rid of the Ottomans. the greeks had help of other European countries. in 1830 they became independent. |
| Ottomans | ottomans lost control over Serbia and Greece by 1830 and by 1918 were whipped out by the French, British, Russians and America |
| Franco-Prussian War | ... |
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