ch 20 with IG's
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27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Vaccine age 0-1yr | DTaP=diphtheria, tetanus toxoids, acellular pertussis Hep B-(Energix-B, Recombivax HB) IPV, IPOL, Salk Vaccine Hib (Haemophilus influenza type b) Hep A (Havrix, VAQTA) influenza (Fluvirin, Fluzone) strains from a and b DTaP + IPV = Kinrix Kinrix + Hib = Pentacel Kinrix + Hep B = Pediarix Hib + Hep B = Comvax Rotateq (live) given oral drops x 3 (2007) pneumonia for infants (killed) PCV- pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. (Prevnar) |
| Killed vaccines | Killed vaccines are administered intra muscularly. |
| Live Vaccines | Live Vaccines are administered sub-q, oral or by nasal inhalation |
| Active Immunity | immunity provided by the body producing its own antibodies against a particular antigen; results from exposure to the antigen via infection or vaccine |
| Passive Immunity | an immunity resulting from antibodies that are conveyed naturally through the placenta to a fetus or artificially by injection of a serum containing antibodies |
| Natural Immunity | Protection that is inherited and is present at birth to fight off infection |
| Artificial Immunity | Immunity that requires some deliberate action, such as a vaccination, to achieve exposure to the potentially harmful antigen |
| Example of active natural immuntiy | Contract disease and produce memory cells. Blood- B-lymphocytes (5 IG's) Histocytes Liver-Kupffer cells Skin-langerhans cells Alveoli-dust cells monocytes, neutrophil liver-complement system cilia |
| Eample of active artificial immunity | Receive a vaccination and produce memory cells |
| Example of passive natural immunity | Receive maternal antibodies through placenta or breast milk. |
| Example of passive artificial immunity | Receive antiserum with antibodies from another host. Transfusion of IG's Synthetic interferon Alpha (Referon)used for Pt's with Kaposi carcinoma (hiv skin cancer). Synthetic interferon Beta (Anovex, Betaseron) used to treat MS. Synthetic interferon Gama (Cyclosporine) used for organ transplant Pt's and RA Pt's. |
| Interferons: Alpha, Beta, Gama | Alpha made by: White Blood cells Beta made by: Fibroblasts Gama made by: T Lymphocytes |
| Live Vaccine we no longer use | OPV Sabin |
| Vaccine age 12-15 month | MMR given sub Q Varivax given Sub Q |
| Variola | small pox |
| Varicella | chickenpox |
| Rubeola | measles |
| Rubella | german measles |
| Vaccine for Adults | Pneumonia- PPV- pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (Pneumovax) age 60 + shingles (Zoster) vaccine age 60+ human papillomavirus vaccine (Gardasil) age 11-26 meningococcal vaccine -2 types MCV and MPV MCV (Menactra) given IM MPV (Menomune) given Sub Q |
| Immunoglobulins | (NOTE: antibodies bind to specific antigens in a lock-and-key fashion, forming an antigen-antibody complex. Antibodies are a type of protein molecule known as immunoglobulins (Igs).) There are 5 classes of innunoglobulins which will be listed on individual flashcards; they are IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, IgD |
| IgG | found in blood. recognies bacteria, viruses, and toxins. It can also activate complement. Provide long term immunity after vaccination. Crosses the placenta. Passive immunity (infant). |
| IgA | Found in secretions of the body such as breast milk, sweat, tears, saliva and mucus. Prevents pathogens from entering the body. |
| IgM | Found in blood. Very large. Primarily binds to antigens on food, bacteria or incompatible blood cells. Activates complemnt. Produced first in infants. |
| IgE | Found in mast cells or basophils- involved in triggering allergic reactions. |
| IgD | Found as receptors on B-lymphocytes. Small amount in BLOOD. Signal when the young B cells in the spleen are ready to be activated. |
| Helper T cells | T cells that help the immune system by increasing the activity of killer cells and stimulating the suppressor T cells. Also called CD4 T cells |
| Memory T cells | Have receptors for specific antigens due to prior exposure from past infection or vacination. Are capable of mobilizing and cloning themselves providing a faster response time if/when infection is encountered again. |
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