Geography Vocab 7th Grade
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42 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Chernozem | the rich black topsoil found in the North European Plain, especially in Russia and Ukraine |
| Collective Farm | an enormous farm in the Soviet Union on which a large team of laborers were gathered to work together during Joseph Stalin's reign. |
| Canopy | The area encompassing the tops of the trees in a rain forest, about 150 feet above the ground |
| Czar | the emperor of Russia prior to the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the subsequent creation of the Soviet Union in 1922 |
| Cash Crop | A crop grown for direct sale, and not for use in a region, such as coffee, tea, and sugar in Africa |
| Commodity | An agricultural or mining product that can be sold |
| Constitutional Monarchy | A government in which the ruler's powers are limited by a constitution and the laws of a nation |
| Command Economy | A type of economic system in which production of goods and services is determined by a central government, which usually owns the means of production |
| Rai/Raj | a kind of Algerian music developed in the 1920s by poor urban children that is fast paced with danceable rhythms |
| Rift Valley | a long, thin valley created by the moving apart of the continental plates, present in East Africa, stretching over 4,000 miles from Jordan in Southwest Asia to Mozambique in Southern Africa. |
| Wadis | riverbeds that remain dry except during the rainy seasons |
| Mosque | An Islamic place of worship, where Muslims pray facing toward the holy city of Mecca |
| Mandala | any of various geometric designs (usually circular) symbolizing the universe |
| Dynasty | A series of rulers from the same family |
| Desertification | An expansion of dry conditions to moist areas that are next to deserts |
| Drip Irrigation | the practice of using small pipes that slowly drip water just above ground to conserve water to use for crops |
| Desalinization | The removal of salt from ocean water |
| Diversify | to increase the variety of products in a country's economy; to promote manufacturing and other industries in order to achieve growth and stability |
| Shogun | the general of the emperor's army with the powers of a military dictator, a position created by the Japanese emperor in 1192 after a struggle between two powerful clans |
| Supra | Georgian/Russian term for dinner party, with many dishes and courses, toasts, and short speeches. |
| Stateless Society | one in which people use lineages, or families whose members are descended from a common ancestor, to govern themselves |
| Salt Flat | flat land made of chemical salts that remain after winds evaporate the moisture in the soil |
| Storm Surge | high water level brought by a cyclone that swamps low-lying areas |
| Samurai | A professional soldier in Japan who served the interests of landowners and clan chiefs |
| Oasis | A place where water from an aquifer has reached the surface; it supports vegetation and wildlife |
| Tsunami | A giant ocean wave, caused by an underwater earthquake or volcanic eruption, with great destructive power |
| Theocratic | a form of government where religious leaders control the government, relying on religious law and consultation with religious scholars |
| Taiga | a nearly continuous belt of evergreen coniferous forests across the Northern Hemisphere, in North America and Eurasia |
| Typhoon | A tropical storm, like a hurricane, that occurs in the western Pacific |
| Economic Tiger | a country with rapid econmic growth due to cheap labor, high technology, and aggresive exports |
| Estuary | A broadened seaward end of a river, where the river's currents meet the ocean's tides |
| Escarpment | A steep slope with a nearly flat plateau on top |
| Nomad | a person with no permanent home who moves according to the seasons from place to place in search of food, water, and grazing land |
| Apartheid | a policy of complete separation of the races, instituted by the white minority government of South Africa in 1948 |
| Alluvial Plain | land that is rich farmland, composed of clay, silt, sand, or gravel deposited by running water |
| Archipelago | A set of closely grouped islands |
| Atoll | A ringlike coral island or string of small islands surrounding a lagoon |
| Yurt | A tent of Central Asia's nomads |
| Privatization | The selling of government-owned businesses to private citizens |
| Fossil Water | Water pumped from underground aquifers |
| Caste System | the Aryan system of social classes in India and one of the cornerstones of Hinduism in which each person is born into a caste and can only move into a different caste through reincarnation. |
| Cyclone | A violent storm with fierce winds and heavy rain; the most extreme weather pattern of South Asia |
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