| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Normative ethics | concerns ethical principles, standards, and virtues |
| Non-normative ethics | defends the meanings of ethical terms and expressions |
| Laws | by nature coercive and reflect the body that creates them, which may or may not be ethical |
| Intrinsic values | refer to the good one experiences in and of itself when doing something. It makes me feel |
| Extrinsic values | consider the term good as a means toward something |
| Utility values | refer to the usefulness or purpose of something that makes it good |
| Inherent values | are related to the goodness of an object or person. _____ are just good. Example – I do a good job because.... |
| Morality | refers to societal rules that govern most forms of everyday interactive behavior |
| Moral position | a stance that dictates moral behavior. |
| Moral development | refers to the processes of moral thinking and judgments as acquired and refined in various sequential stages of life |
| Determinism | Human action is predetermined, not chosen |
| Libertarianism/Indeterminism | Humans have complete free will |
| Soft Determinism | Actions are influenced by certain causes, but humans do have some free will |
| Moral reasoning | involves the cognitive processes people employ to make decisions about ethical problems. This type of thinking requires a consideration of moral standards, evidence, and judgments. Good moral reasoning requires impartiality, consistency, and reflective judgment. |
| Kohlberg's model | Level I Preconventional; Level II Conventional; Level III Postconventional, or Principled |
| Level I Preconventional | heteronomous morality, and individualism, instrumental purpose, and exchange; caring and responsibility to oneself |
| Level II Conventional | mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships and interpersonal conformity, and social system and conscience; caring for others and neglecting oneself |
| Level III Postconventional, or Principled | social contract or utility and individual rights, and universal ethical principles; a balance between caring for others and oneself |
| Gilligan's ethic of care | identifies a female-specific moral development scheme that differs from Kohlberg's pattern |
| Ross's Prima Facie Duties | 1. To keep promises 2. To make restitution when we harm others 3. To return services when we have benefited from others' services 4. To distribute rewards/punishment based on merit 5. To do good on behalf of others 6. To improve ourselves in terms of virtue and intelligence 7. To not injure others |
| Teleological theories | promote what is good or desirable |
| Utilitarianism | The best course of action is the one that will result in the most good |
| Egoism | the belief that all actions are motivated by selfish interests, negates the concept of altruism |
| Kantian ethics | moral decisions arise out of a sense of duty rather than to produce a desired result |
| Altruism | the idea that some acts are selfless or even self-sacrificial |
| Virtue ethics | considers a decision's effects on individuals and personal relationships |
| According to Gough | most ethical problems in sport could be resolved if individuals were to take seriously the idea of developing excellence in character |
| Moral pluralism | extracts and combines the best parts of various ethical principles, placing issues in perspective and encouraging critical thought |
| Social responsibility | the legal and moral responsibility we have to ourselves and others |
Combine with other sets
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