PHCY256 pKa & FG
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60 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What is the highest priority FG? | Carboxylic acid |
| What is the lowest priority FG(excluding a methyl)? | Ether |
| Highest priority between an ester and an amide? | Ester |
| Highest priority between an amide and a nitrile? | Amide |
| Highest priority between an aldehyde and a ketone? | Aldehyde |
| Highest priority between an amine and an alcohol? | Alcohol |
| Highest priority between an amide and an amine? | Amide |
| Highest priority between an amine and a nitrile? | Nitrile |
| Put in order of priority: amine, ketone, nitrile, amide | Amide > nitrile > ketone > amine |
| Put in order of priority: alcohol, ether, amine, ester | Ester > alcohol > amine > ether |
| Put in order of priority: ketone, nitrile, sulfonic acid, aldehyde | Sulfonic acid > nitrile > aldehyde > ketone |
| Benzoic acid, pKa? | ~4 |
| Aniline, A/B, pKa? | ~5, base |
| Acetic acid, pKa? | ~5 |
| Quinoline, A/B, pKa? | ~5, base |
| Isoquinoline, A/B, pKa? | ~5, base |
| Pyridine, A/B, pKa? | ~5, base |
| Thiophenol, A/B, pKa? | ~6.5, acid |
| Imidazole, A/B, pKa? | 7, base |
| Ammonia, A/B, pKa? | ~9, base |
| Phenol, A/B, pKa? | ~10, acid |
| Dimethylamine, A/B, pKa? | ~10, base |
| Piperidine, A/B, pKa? | ~11, base |
| Ethanol, A/B, pKa? | ~15, neutral |
| Indole, A/B, pKa? | ~17, neutral |
| Pyrrole, A/B, pKa? | ~17, neutral |
| Toluene, A/B, pKa? | ~41, neutral |
| Imine, A/B, pKa? | ~5, base |
| Aromatic amine, A/B, pKa? | ~5, base |
| Amide, A/B, pKa? | ~15, neutral |
| Alcohol A/B, pKa? | ~15, acid |
| Aromatic alcohol, A/B, pKa? | ~10, acid |
| Imide, A/B, pKa? | ~8, acidic proton but neutral |
| Nitrile, A/B, pKa? | ~1, neutral (weakly basic) |
| Sulfonamide, A/B, pKa? | ~5, acid |
| Tetrazole, A/B, pKa? | ~5, acid |
| Sulfonic acid, pKa? | ~1 |
| Enol, A/B, pKa? | ~5, acid |
| Amine, A/B, pKa? | ~10, base |
| What is a Claisen-Schmidt reaction? | Use of an aromatic aldehyde and an aliphatic aldehyde to create a crossed condensation |
| What is the Fischer-Speier method? | Ester synthesis using carboxylic acid and aliphatic alcohol in acid |
| What are the two ways of synthesizing esters? | Fisher-Speier, and acid chloride/alcohol method |
| Hemi-acetal synthesis? | Carbonyl and primary alcohol, acidic anhydrous conditions |
| Aldehyde synthesis? | Oxidation of primary alcohols in anhydrous conditions |
| Ketone synthesis? | Oxidation of secondary alcohols in anhydrous conditions, or Freidl-Crafts acylation |
| Carboxylic acid synthesis? | Oxidation of primary alcohol with water present |
| Which part of the ester is named second? | The carboxylic acid |
| What is Williamson synthesis? | Use of an alkyl halide to create ethers |
| What does an aldose reduce to? | An alditol |
| What does HNO3 do to an aldose? | Reduces to aldaric acid |
| What does Br(aq) do to an aldose? | Reduces to aldonic acid |
| What does the enzyme-catalysed reaction produce from aldose? | Uronic acid |
| What aldose reaction results in HOOC-----CH2OH? | Oxidation to aldonic acid by Br(aq) |
| What aldose reaction results in OHC------COOH? | Oxidation by enzyme to ironic acid |
| What aldose reaction results in HOH2C-----CH2OH? | Reduction by NaBH4 to an alditol |
| What aldose reaction results in HOOC------COOH? | Reduction by HNO3 to aladric acid |
| How is an alditol created? | Reduction of an aldose by NaBH4 |
| How is an aldonic acid created? | Oxidation of an aldose by Br(aq) |
| How is an aldaric acid created? | Oxidation of an aldose by HNO3 |
| How is an urconic acid created? | Oxidation of an aldose by enzyme |
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