| Term | Definition |
|---|
| cell membrane | lipid bilayer with embedded proteins that encloses the cytoplasm; essential to the cell's cytoplasm; also called plasma membrane |
| cell theory | principle that states all organisms are made of one or more cells that arise form other cells |
| cell wall | the structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support for the cell |
| central vacuole | membrane bound cavity in plants used for storage |
| chloroplast | organelle that uses light energy to make carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water |
| cilium | in cells, one hair like structure in tightly packed rows that are used for movement |
| cytoplasm | interior of a cell |
| cytoskeleton | cytoplasmic network of protein filaments that plays an essential role in cell movement, shape, and division |
| electron microscope | microscope that focuses a beam of electrons on an object to form an enlarged image |
| endoplasmic reticulum | cell membrane in the cytoplasm that transport substances made by the cell |
| eukaryote | organism whose cells have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane |
| flagellum | thread like structure that grows out of a cell and enables it to move |
| Golgi apparatus | organelle that packages and distributes molecules produced by a eukaryotic cell |
| light microscope | microscope that uses a beam of light passing through one or more lenses to magnify an object |
| lipid bilayer | foundation of cell membranes; composed of two layers of phospholipids |
| lysosome | organelle in a eukaryotic cell that contains digestive enzymes |
| magnification | enlargement or enlarging or an image |
| mitochondrion | organelle that produces much of the ATP made by a eukaryotic cell |
| nucleus | organelle that houses the DNA of eukaryotic cells |
| organelle | structure in eukaryotic cells that has a specific function |
| phospholipids | lipid molecule in all membranes of a cell |
| prokaryote | single-celled organism with out a nucleus; bacterial cell |
| resolution | in microscopes, a measure of the clarity |
| ribosome | organelle on which proteins are made |
| scanning tunneling microscope | microscope that measures differences in the voltage of electrons leaving the surface of an object and creates a three dimensional image of the object; can be used to study living organisms |
| vesicle | membrane-enclosed sac in a cell's interior |
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