| Term | Definition |
|---|
| allele | an alternative form of a gene |
| codominance | condition in which both alleles for a gene are expressed |
| dominant | genetic trait that is expressed when its allele is homozygous or heterozygous |
| F1 generation | the first offspring from a cross of two varieties in the parental (P) generation |
| F2 generation | the offspring from crosses among individuals of the F1 generation |
| genetics | study of heredity |
| genotype | the genetic makeup of an organism as indicated by its set of alleles |
| heredity | transmition of genetic traits from parent to offspring |
| heterozygous | refers to an individual with two different alleles for a trait |
| homozygous | refers to an individual with two identical alleles for a trait |
| incomplete dominance | condition in which a trait in a individuals intermediate between the phenotype of its two parents |
| law of IA | second law of heredity stating that pairs of genes separate independently from each other in meiosis |
| law of segregation | first law of heredity stating that pairs of alleles for a trait separate when gametes form |
| monohybrid cross | cross involving one pair of contrasting traits |
| multiple alleles | the existance of more that two alleles for a genetic trait |
| P generation | first two individuals that mate in a genetic cross (perental generation) |
| pedigree | family history that shows how a trait is inherited over several generations |
| phenotype | observable charastics of an organism |
| polygenetic trait | charistic of an organism that is influenced by several genes |
| probability | the likelihood that a specific event will occur |
| Prunnett square | diagram used by bioliogests to predict the probable outcome of a genetic cross |
| recessive | genetic trait that is not expressed when the contrasting form of the trait is present |
| sex-linked trait | a trait that is determined by a gene found on the X chromosome |
| test cross | a genetic cross of an individual whose phenotype is dominant but whose genotype is unknown, with a homozygous recessive individual |
| true breeding | displaying only one form of a particular trait in offspring |
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