| Term | Definition |
|---|
| bacteriophage | virus that infects bacteria |
| base-paring rules | the rule stating that in DNA adenine on one strand always pairs with a thymine on the opposite strand and guanine on one strand always pairs with a cytosine on the opposite strand |
| complementary | characteristic on nucleic acids in which the sequence of bases on one strand determines the sequences of bases on the other |
| deoxyribose | five-carbon sugar that is a component of DNA nucleotides |
| DNA helicase | enzyme that breaks the hydrogen bonds between bases during DNA replication |
| DNA polymerase | enzyme that catalyzes the replication of DNA by adding complimentary nucleotides |
| DNA replication | the process of making a copy of DNA |
| double helix | spiral-staircase characteristic of the DNA molecule |
| nucleotide | subunit of nucleic acids consisting of a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and a phosphate group |
| replication fork | a Y-shaped point that results when a double helix of DNA separates so that it can be copied |
| transformation | the transfer of genetic material from one organism to another; first observed by Griffith |
| vaccine | substance prepared from killed or weakened pathogens and introduced into a body to produce immunity |
| virulent | referring to the deadliness of a disease causing agent |
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