Chapter 13 LAB
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Created by:
jlmclamore Plus on June 7, 2012
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Description:
Articulations and Body Movements
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36 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Typically allows a slight degree of movement | Cartilaginous |
| Includes joints between the vertebral bodies and the pubic symphisis | Cartilaginous |
| Essentially immovable joints | Fibrous |
| Sutures are the most remembered examples | Fibrous |
| Characterized by cartilage connecting the bony portions | Cartilaginous |
| All are freely movable or diarthrotic | Synovial |
| Bone regions untied by fibrous connective tissue | Fibrous |
| Include the hip, knee, and elbow joints | Synovial |
| Ligament | Unite bones and prevent excessive or undesirable motion |
| Tendon | Anchors muscle to connective tissue covering of bone cartilage or fascia of other muscles |
| Articular cartilage | Absorb compression to prevent bone from being crushed |
| Synvoial membrane | Lines fibrous capsule and covers all internal joint surfaces that are not hyaline |
| Bursa | Reduce frction, flattened fibrous sacs lined with synovial membrane contain thin film of synovial fluid |
| Joint between the axis and atlas | pivot |
| hip joint | Ball and socket |
| Intervertebral joints (between articular processes) | Gliding |
| Joint between forearm bones and wrist | Condyloid |
| Elbow | Hinge |
| Interphalangeal joints | Hinge |
| Intercarpal joints | Gliding |
| Joint between talus and tibia/fibula | Hinge |
| Joint between skull and vertebral column | Pivot |
| Joint between jaw and skull | Condyloid |
| Joints between proximal phalanges and metacarpal bones | Condyloid |
| A multiaxial joint | Ball and socket |
| Biaxial joints | Condyloid and gliding |
| Uniaxial joints | Hinge and pivot |
| Characteristics of all joints | Give skeleton mobility and hold bones together |
| Two factors that contribute to the stability of the hip joint | Acetabular labrium Ligaments (iliofemoral, pubofemoral, ischiofemoral) |
| Two important factors that contribute to the stability of the knee | Femopatellar joint Menisci |
| Four factors that contribute to large range of motion at the shoulder | Anatomical neck of humerus is thin and loose Muscle tendons cross shoulder joints Rotator cuff encircles shoulder/blends with articular capsule Glenoid labrum is 1/3 size of humeral head |
| Which direction does the shoulder dislocate | Forward and downward direction |
| what structural joint changes are common in the elderly | Arthritis and osteoarthritis |
| Sprain | Ligaments (reinforcing a joint) torn or stretched |
| Dislocation | Bones are forced out of normal alignment in a joint |
| What types of tissue damage do you expect to find in a dislocated joint | Inflammation Difficulty moving Repeat dislocation stretches the joint capsule and ligaments Leads to loose capsule that poorly reinforces the joint |
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