HEALTH!!!
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Created by:
studyaholic on December 10, 2007
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48 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 nutrients | substances in food that your body needs to function properly to grow, to repair itself, and to supply you with energy |
| hunger | natural drive that protects you from starvation |
| appetite | a desire, rather than a need, to eat |
| culture | family and friends, advertising, and time and money |
| nutrition | process by which the body takes in and uses food |
| carbohydrates | made up of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen, and are the starches and sugars found in foods, and is the body's preferred source of energy providing four calories per gram |
| simple carbohydrates | sugars that are present in fruits, some vegetables, and milk |
| complex carbohydrates | starches found in great supple in rice and other grains, seeds, nuts, legumes, and tubers |
| glucose | a simple sugar and the body's chief fuel |
| glycogen | glucose that is not used right away and is stored in the liver and muscles as a starch substance |
| fiber | a special form of complex carbohydrates found in tough and stringy parts if vegetables, fruits, and grains |
| proteins | a vital part of every body sell and are nutrients that help build and maintain body tissue |
| amino acids | substances that make up body proteins |
| essential acids | 9 of the 20 amino acids that your body cannot make and they must come from foods you eat |
| complete proteins | foods that contains all the essential amino acids that the body needs and in the proper amounts |
| incomplete proteins | foods that lack some of the essential amino acids |
| fats | your body needs it but too much is bad for you and it represents the most concentrated form of energy available and this delivers more than twice the energy of either carbohydrates or proteins |
| saturated fats | a fatty acid when the fatty acid holds all the hydrogen atoms it can |
| unsaturated fats | a fatty acid when it is missing one or more pairs of hydrogen atoms |
| linoleic acid | essential fatty acid not made in the body but which is essential for growth and healthy skin |
| dietary guidelines for americans | recommend that most americans cut their fat intake to no more than 30 percent of calories |
| cholesterol | fatlike substance produced in the liver of all animals and, therefore, found only in foods of animal origin |
| vitamins | compounds that help regulate many vital body processes, including digestion, absorption, and metabolism of other nutrients |
| water-soluble vitamins | include vitamin c and the 8 vitamins in the vitamin b complex and they dissolve in water and thus pass easily into the bloodstream in the process of digestion |
| fat-soluble vitamins | vitamins that are absorbed and transported by fat (vitamin a, d, e, and k) |
| beta-carotene | a substance found in carrots |
| minerals | inorganic substances that the body cannot manufacture but that act as catalysts, regulating many vital body processes |
| trace minerals | the ones your body needs in tiny, or trace amounts |
| electrolytes | a group of minerals (include important minerals of sodium, chloride, and potassium) that become electrically charged when in solution |
| recommended dietary allowances | the amounts of nutrients that will prevent deficiencies and excesses in most healthy people |
| food guide pyramid | categorizes foods into five food groups indicating a range of servings for each that a person is advised to eat daily |
| variety, moderation, and balance | foundation of a healthful eating plan |
| food additives | substances added to food intentionally to produce a desired affect |
| enriched food | a food in which nutrients that were lost in processing have been added back |
| fortification | addition of nutrients that are not naturally present |
| generally recognized as safe | some additives like sugar and salt are termed as this because they have been used safely for years |
| aspartame | a noncaloric sweetener and is commonly added to soft drinks and frozen desserts and is considered safe for most people when used in moderation |
| healthy | the food is low in fat and saturated fat and contains limited amounts of cholesterol and sodium |
| light | the calories have been reduced by at least a third or the fat or sodium by at least half |
| less | the food contains 25 percent less of a nutrient or of calories than a comparable food |
| free | the product contains no amount, or only a slight amount of fat, cholesterol, sodium, sugars, or calories |
| fresh | the food is raw, unprocessed, contains no preservatives, and has never been frozen or heated |
| natural | reserved for meat and poultry only and according to the USDA is means the food is minimally processed with no artificial or synthetic ingredients |
| expiration date | last date you should use the product |
| freshness date | last date a food is thought to be fresh |
| pack date | the date on which the product was packaged |
| sell date | pull date and the last date the product should be sold |
| unit pricing | a strategy for recognizing the relative cost of a product based on the cost on standard unit such as an ounce or gram |
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