US 1 Final
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Created by:
horselover1414101 on June 8, 2012
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99 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Gilded Ages | a period when the United States changed from a predominantly rural agrarian nation to an urban industrial one. |
| Growth of Industry after Civil War | After the Civil War there was alot of urbanization going on in the US as immigrants and others flocked to the cities to find jobs in the business world |
| Labor Unions | were groups that fought for the rights and treatment of workers in the US |
| Laissez Faire | a doctrine that called for no regulation of the market place from the government |
| Monopoly | a corporation that did nothing but buy out the stock of other companies |
| Robber Barons | when industrialists earned huge profits and paid their workers very poorly |
| Sherman Anti-trust Act | made it illegal to form a trust that interfered with free trade between states or with other countries |
| Strikes | workers and labor unions protested against poor working conditions and long working hours |
| Square Deal | Roosevelt's plan to reform the US including trustbusting, health and environment, railroad regulations, and strike mediation |
| The Jungle | a book written by Upton Sinclair about the horrible conditions in the meat packing industries |
| Triangle Shirt Waist Fire | a fire in a NYC factory that spread rapidly because of the horrible factory conditions and killed 146 women |
| Teddy Roosevelt | president that preposed the Square Deal to help the US return to order |
| Progressives | reformers who attempted to solve problems caused by industry, growth of cities and laissez faire |
| Florence Kelley | advocated for improving the lives of women and children |
| prohibition | the banning of alcholic beverages |
| Women's Christian Temperance Union | a prohibitionist union of women who feared that alcohol was undermining American morals and worked hard to fight for their cause |
| Frances Willard | a member of the WCTU who helped expand the union |
| Carry Nation | a member of the WCTU who worked for the prohibition by walking into saloons, scolding the customers, and using her hatchet to destroy bottle is liquor |
| Anti-Saloon League | a group who's members sought to close saloons to cure society's problems |
| muckraker | journalists who wrote about the corrupt side of business and public life in mass circulation magazines |
| Frederick Winslow Taylor | ... |
| Principles of Scientific Management | ... |
| city commissioner system | ... |
| Keating-Owen Act | prohibited the transportation across state lines of goods produced by child labor |
| Muller vs. Oregon | argument over women's working hours |
| Bunting vs. Oregon | argument over women's working hours |
| Louis D. Brandeis | argued that poor working women were much more economically insecure than in larger corporations |
| initiative | a bill originated by the people rather than lawmakers |
| referendum | a vote on the initiative |
| 17th Amendment | adopted in 1913, that called for the election of U.S. senators by the people rather than by the state legislatures |
| suffrage | the right to vote |
| Susan B. Anthony | a leading women's suffrage activist |
| Upton Sinclair | a muckraking journalist that wrote "The Jungle" and brought the city's attention to the disgusting conditions of the meat packing industries |
| Meat Inspection Act | act that dictated strict cleanliness requirements for meatpackers and created the program of federal meat inspection |
| Pure Food and Drug Act | halted the sale of contaminated foods and medicines and called for truth in labeling |
| conservation | some wilderness areas would be preserved while others would be developed for the common good |
| NAACP | National Association for Advancement of Colored People |
| Gifford Pinchot | Head of the US Forest Service who believed that wilderness areas could be scientifically managed to yield public enjoyment while allowing private development |
| William Howard Taft | elected as president after Roosevelt and was very cautious with his progressive agenda |
| Bull Moose Party | previously the Progressive Party, the platform called for the direct election of senators and the adoption in all states of the initiative, referendum, and recall |
| Woodrow Wilson | reform governor of NJ, who endorsed the progessive platform |
| Abolition | movement to end slavery |
| Education | ... |
| Prisons | ... |
| Second Great Awakening | a 19th century religious movement in which individual responsibility for seeking salvation was emphasized, along with the need for personal and social improvement |
| Seneca Falls Convention | a woman's rights convention held in Seneca Falls, NY |
| Temperance | an organized effort to prevent the drinking of alcoholic beverages |
| Women's Rights | ... |
| Dawes Act 1887 | a law enacted in 1887, that was intended to "Americanize" Native Americans by distributing reservation land to individual owners |
| Gold Rush | a movement of many people to a region in which gold has been discovered |
| Homestead Act | a US law enacted in 1862, that provided 160 acres in the West to any citizen or intended citizen who was head of household and would cultivate the land for five years |
| Manifest Destiny | the 19th century belief that the US would inevitably expand westward to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexican territory |
| Mexican American War | ... |
| Monroe Doctrine | a policy of the US opposition to any European interference in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere, announced by President Monroe in 1823 |
| Oregon Trail | a route from Independence, Missouri, to Oregon City, Oregon, used by pioneers traveling to the Oregon Territory |
| Texas War for Independence | the 1836 rebellion in which Texas gained its independence from Mexico |
| Trail of Tears | the marches in which the Cherokee people were focibly removed from Georgia to the Indian Territory in 1838-1840, with thousands of the Cherokee dying along the way |
| Transcontinental Railroad | a railroad line linking the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the United States, completed in 1869 |
| "Bleeding Kansas" | a name applied to the Kansas Territory in the years before the Civil War, when the territory was a battleground between proslavery and antislavery forces |
| Compromise of 1850 | a series of congressional measures intended to settle the major disagreements between free states and slave states |
| Fugitive Slave Act | a law enacted as part of the Compromise of 1850, designed to ensure that escaped slaves would be returned into bondage |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | a law enacted in 1854, that established the territories of Kansas and Nebraska and gave their residents the right to decide whether to allow slavery |
| Missouri Compromise | a series of agreements passed by Congress in 1820-1821 to maintain the balance of power between slave states and free states |
| Popular Sovereignty | a system in which the residents vote to decide an issue |
| Gibbons v. Ogden | ... |
| Dred Scott v. Sanford | ... |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | ... |
| Advantages of the North | ... |
| Advantages of the South | ... |
| Antietam | ... |
| Copperheads | a Northern Democrat who advocated making peace with the Confederacy during the Civil War |
| Emancipation Proclamation | an executive order issued by President Lincoln on January 1, 1863, freeing the slaves in all regions behind Conferate lines |
| Gettysburg | ... |
| Gettysburg Address | a famous speech delivered by President Lincoln in November 1863, at the dediction of a national cemetery on the site of the Battle of Gettysburg |
| Secession of the South | ... |
| Total War | ... |
| Black Codes | the discriminatory laws passed throughout the post-Civil-War South which severely restricted African Americans' lives, prohibiting such activities as traveling without permits, carrying weapons, serving on juries, testifying against whites, and marrying whites |
| Freedom's Bureau | a federal agency set up to help former slaves after the Civil War |
| Ku Klux Klan | a secret organization that used terrorist in an attempt to restore white supremacy in Southern states after the Civil War |
| 13th Amendment | ... |
| 14th Amendment | an amendment adopted in 1868, that makes all persons born or naturalized in the US citizens of the country and guarantees equal protection of the laws |
| 15th Amendment | an amendment adopted in 1870 that prohibits the denial of voting rights to people because of their race or color or because they have previously been slaves |
| Chinese Exclusion Act | a law enacted in1882, that prohibited all Chinese except students, teachers, merchants, tourists, and government officials from entering the United |
| Skilled Immigrants | ... |
| Unskilled immigrants | ... |
| Immigrant Hardship | ... |
| John Brown | an abolitionist who believed God had called on him to fight slavery |
| Andrew Carnegie | a 19th centruy industrialist who gave money to build public libraries, hoping others write their own rags-to-riches stories |
| Dorothea Dix | ... |
| Frederick Douglas | ... |
| Ulysses S. Grant | ... |
| Andrew Jackson | ... |
| Robert E. Lee | ... |
| Abraham Lincoln | ... |
| J.P. Morgan | ... |
| John D. Rockefeller | ... |
| Harriet Beecher Stowe | ... |
| Charles Sumner | ... |
| Teddy Roosevelt | ... |
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