Mirco - Test 1 -Genetics:TB
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35 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 A linear sequence of DNA nucleotides which provides the genetic information for a single characteristic is a | gene |
| A permanent alteration in the DNA of an organism is called a | mutation |
| Which nitrogenous base is not normally found in DNA | uracil |
| In DNA the base adenine always pairs with what other base | thymine |
| Replication results in the formation of what type of new molecule | DNA |
| In RNA, uracil takes the place of which base normally found in DNA | thymine |
| Transcription is the formation of ___ from a ___ template | RNA, DNA |
| The process of ___ results in the synthesis of a new protein | translation |
| Reverse transcription occurs when | RNA is used as a template to produce DNA |
| Reverse transcription takes place | in some viruses |
| During replication, DNA is synthesized by | DNA polymerase |
| During DNA replication | the lagging strand is synthesized is the 5 to 3 direction |
| RNA polymerase uses __ as a template to synthesize ___ | DNA, RNA |
| Regions on of genes that do not code for a protein are called | introns |
| The information carried by DNA is used to create a ___ which then moves to the ribosomes for protein synthesis | mRNA |
| a mRNA molecule can be broken down into three nucleotide units called | codons |
| Amino acids move from the cytoplasm to the ribosome with the help of | tRNA |
| An anticodon would be found in a ___ molecule | tRNA |
| tRNA molecules serve as a link between | codons and amino acids |
| In eukaryotes, transcription takes place in the ___ while translation takes place in the ___ | nucleus, cytoplasm |
| Which of the following properties are exclusive to mRNA | carries information from DNA for synthesis of a protein |
| Which of the following properties are exclusive to tRNA | molecules contain an anticodon |
| Which of the following properties are exclusive to rRNA | combines with specific proteins to form ribosomes |
| Bacteria are often used for the study of genetic regulatory mechanisms because | all of the above are true |
| Mutagens such as 5-bromouracil, a nitrogen base analog, cause mutations by | substituting for one of the base normally found in DNA |
| Most bacterial cells have two chromosomes | false |
| Transcription refers to the process of DNA synthesis | false |
| Introns are segments of DNA that do not code for proteins | true |
| mRNA is formed in the 3 to 5 direction | false |
| An amino acid can be specified for by more than one codon | true |
| DNA is used as a template to make DNA during the process of | replication |
| DNA is used as a template to make RNA durning the process of | transcription |
| A three base sequence called the ___ in tRNA binds with the ____ found in mRNA | anticodon, codon |
| Induced mutations are produced by agents called | mutagens |
| DNA seperates at ____ forks to allow the genetic informaiton in the moleule to be duplicated | replicate |
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