Ch.19a
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Created by:
chanel1 Plus on June 10, 2012
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13 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 **Name the three layers that make up the walls of veins and arteries from the outermost to the innermost. Describe the type of tissue that is found in each layer. | Tunica intima-Endothelium lines the lumen of all vessels Tunic media-Smooth muscle and sheets of elastin Tunica externa- Collagen fibers protect and reinforce |
| The hollow central area in a blood vessel through which blood flows is called the ______________________. | lumen |
| Describe the structure of a basic capillary (no special kind - just a generic capillary). | average length is 1 mm and average lumen diatemeter is 8-10 um. At the outer surface of some capillaries are spider-shaped. |
| What is the function of the smooth muscle in the tunica media of arteries? | The activity of the smooth muscle is regulated by sympathetic vasomotor nerve fibers |
| The aorta and its main branches are called _______________________ arteries. _________________________ arteries and arterioles deliver blood to body organs. | elastic, conducting |
| Where in the body DON'T you find capillaries? | cartilage, epithelia, cornea and lens of eye |
| What is the function of capillaries? | exchange of gases, nutrients, wastes, hormones, |
| Blood enters capillary beds through ___________________________ (type of blood vessel?) and leaves through _______________________________ (type of blood vessel?). | vascular shunt, true capillaries |
| Blood flow through capillary beds is controlled by these structures: ___________________________________________________________________________________ | Precapillary sphincters |
| What happens to blood when pre-capillary sphincters are closed (see handout on capillaries)? | Blood flows through the shunts and bypasses the tissues cells |
| Describe venules. What happens in these blood vessels? | Formed when capillary beds unite Very porous; allow fluids and WBCs into tissues |
| Compare the structure and function of veins with the structure and function of arteries. | Veins are formed when venules converge Veins have thinner walls, larger lumens compared with corresponding arteries Blood pressure is lower than in arteries Veins have Thin tunica media and a thick tunica externa |
| **Why are veins called "blood reservoirs"? Explain | capacitance vessels (blood reservoirs); contain up to 65% of the blood supply |
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