Bio- 9.2 Cell cycle
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Created by:
missmoocow97 on June 10, 2012
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17 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 G0 | -stage outside the cell cycle in which cells do not copy their DNA and do not prepare to divide -many cells, such as mature nervous cells in the human body, are in this stage |
| Cyclin | -regulatory proteins whose levels in a cell go up and down to stimulate the onset of specific stages of the cell cycle |
| Chromosomes | coiled DNA found in the nucleus of a dividing cell -each chromosome represents one highly coiled DNA molecule -chromosome are rod-shaped |
| Nucleosome | a set of eight protein molecules in a cluster |
| Histone | protein molecules found in chromosomes that DNA is coiled around |
| Chromatin | DNA in a non-dividing cell that is not tightly coiled -allows transcription/translation to occur in the cell between cell divisions |
| sister chromatids | result of DNA replication, genetically identical duplicate DNA molecule making up two halved of a doubled chromosome |
| centromeres | structure which holds together in the sister chromatids in a doubled chromosome |
| homologous chromosomes | -chromosome pairs that contain the same genes -look like all other chromosomes, but contain genes which are different than all other chromosomes |
| Sex chromosomes | determine gender |
| autosomes | all other chromosomes |
| Diploid cell | -contains both halves of each homologous pair of chromosomes -contains a full set of genetic information |
| Haploid cell | -contains only 1/2 of the full set of genetic information -contains only one chromosome from each homologous pair |
| Testes | male gonads |
| Ovaries | female gonads |
| Sperm | male gametes |
| Eggs | female gametes |
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