middle east
About this set
Created by:
prfinalreview on June 10, 2012
Subjects:
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
96 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 middle east | region located between europe and asia |
| strategic location | commands vital sea routes and oil |
| migrating people traders conquerors | the cultural diffusion of the me extends overs thousands of years of _____ ______, ______, and ______ |
| northern tier | stretches across turkey and Iran |
| northern tier | fertile soil supports farming and large population |
| arabian peninsula | vast plateau 1/3 the size of the USA |
| arabian peninsula | borders red sea, arbain sea, and persian gulf |
| arabian peninsula | Saudi Arabia is the largest nation |
| arabian peninsula | small population because of lack of water, except for small areas it is a barren desert, and most people live in scattered oases |
| oasis | fertile desert area that has enough water to support plant life |
| fertile crescent | arc shaped region |
| fertile crescent | rich soil and abundant water have made it major population center |
| fertile crescent | one of the world's earliest civilizations emerged in Tigris Euphrates valley |
| nile valley | cradle of ancient civilization |
| maghreb | western isle |
| maghreb | sahara and atlas mountains |
| oil | most valuable resource that is unevenly distributed |
| arab | speaks arabic and practices islam |
| islam | majority of the people in the middle east practice this religion |
| shiite muslims | only descendants of muhammad can be a prophet |
| sunni muslims | any devout muslim can be a prophet |
| jewish christian muslim | three main religions of middle east |
| sumerian civilization | most successful farming settlements had grown into powerful city states |
| sumerian civilization | controlled farmlands that surrounded it and had own ruler |
| sumerian civilization | believed that the gods were powerful and if angry would send disease and flood |
| sumerian civilization | saw their priests as very important because they controlled daily lives of people, collected taxes, and made offerings to the gods |
| sumerian civilization | developed a system of writing, used wheel, invented the sail, plow and calender |
| babylonians | hammurabi's code |
| hammurabi's code | to provide justice throughout his large empire, hammurabi drew up a single code of law replacing varying codes |
| hammurabi's code | regulated economic social moral affairs, distinguished between major-minor crimes, made punishment fit crime, and served as a foundation for the future |
| hittites | mastery of iron |
| phoenicans | carriers of civilization |
| persian empire | allowed diversity among people |
| alexander of macedonia | defeated persian empire |
| greek | alexander of macedonia is a ______ |
| romans | trade flourished and increase spread of ideas and technology |
| ancient israel | located in palestine and under david solomon |
| diaspora | scattering of jews throughout the world |
| sumerian civilization babylonians hittites phoenicans persian empire greeks romans ancient israel diaspora | put the following in order persian empire, diaspora, babylonians, sumerian civilization, ancient israel, romans, hittites, greeks, phoenicans |
| islam | submission |
| muhammad | born in 570 A.D. and was a trader across the Arabian Dessert |
| koran | angel gabriel spoke to Muhammad these words became known as what |
| rejected | muhammad told people that there was only one god what happened to this idea at first |
| hejira | migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina |
| Mecca | Muhammad returned to ______ and took over the city |
| kaaba | Muhammad smashed all idols in ______ |
| allah muhammad | ________ is god and ________ is prophet |
| five pillars | proclaim belief in one God, pray five times a day, charity to the poor, fasting during the month of ramadan, and hajj |
| hajj | pilgrimage to Mecca once in your life |
| arab empire | islam expands united by beliefs |
| arab empire | were tolerant conquerors but they didn't force people to convert to islam |
| umayyad dynasty | Damascus is the capital and Arabs are in control |
| abbassed dynasty | Baghdad is the capital, no discrimination, and not only Arabs are holding high jobs |
| foreign invaders | __________ _________ were trying to control fertile lands |
| seljuks | turkish |
| mongols | looted, destroyed cities, killed last of Abbassid caliphs, millions killed, and eventually absorbed into culture of the Middle East |
| caliphs | people or successors to the prophet (Pope) |
| arab nationalism | fueled by WW I I, called on Arabs to join forces and free themselves of domination by the west |
| absolute monarchy | king has power |
| constitutional monarchy | elected leaders share power with king |
| zionism | jewish movement to reestablish Jewish state in Palestine |
| christians vs muslims | reason for _________ __ _______ is that they wanted to free holy lands from Islam based on idea it was the will of God |
| pope urban II | summoned his listeners to form themselves, rich and poor allike, into an army in which god would assist |
| crusades | a lot of muslims killed |
| europe | at the time of the crusades ______ was much less advanced than that of the Islamic world |
| saladin | Muslim military leader at the time of the crusades |
| saladin | drove Christians out of Jerusalem and was admired by warriors of both Christian and Muslim religions |
| saladin | in Jerusalem _______ wouldn't let warriors kill inhabitants or steal from defeated Christians and treated former enemies well |
| ottoman empire | Sunni Muslims with diverse empire and strong flexible government but relied on large number of officials |
| men of pen | ___ __ ___ were lawyers, judges, and poets |
| men of sword | ___ __ _____ were soldiers |
| safavid empire | rival of the ottoman empire and were Shiite Muslims, shah was ruler |
| shah | Europeans where eager to make alliances with ____ against ottoman empire |
| abbas the great | _____ ___ _____ welcomed non-Shiites |
| iran | ____ remained under control of shah until 1979 |
| cold war | fueled Arab-Israel conflict, the USA supports Israel |
| plo | goal is to reclaim Israel as Palestine, |
| opec | as demand went up for oil so did the power of ____ |
| plo | Palestine Liberation Organization |
| opec | organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries |
| islamic fundamentalist | Muslims who believed westernization is a dangerous force undermining Islamic values. They use religion as an excuse for violence |
| shah | tried to lead Iran to modernize and was friendly with the USA, flees in 1979 |
| ayatollah khomeini | outspoken Islamic Fundamentalist, Terrorism |
| theocracy | nation ruled by religious leaders |
| sadat and begin | closest people to solving the problems between Arab and Israel |
| sadat | killed by Islamic Fundamentalist and was an Arab leader |
| begin | ____ was an Israeli leader |
| osama bin laden | suadi dissident, fought against soviets in Afghanistan, had extreme wealth, Islamic extremist, leader of alQaeda, called for holy war with Jews against Americans |
| Taliban | Afghanistan's ruling party who set up a strict Islamic state |
| war against terrorism | ___ ______ _________ in response to september 11th |
| enduring freedom | operation ________ ________ changed from infinite justice out of respect to muslims and was a war in response to 9/11 |
| noble eagle | operation __________ ___________ is defense of our homeland |
| enduring freedom | operation __________ ___________ had two goals which were money assets and war |
| iraqi freedom | operation __________ ____________ had a goal to liberate Iraqis and end regime of Hussein |
| liberate | to let stand on own and not occupy or take over |
| terrorism | the use of force or violence against people or property to create fear and to get publicity for political causes. they are criminals. these crimes include of threats of violence, killing, kidnapping, high jacking, bomb threats and bombings, and the use of chemical, biological, or nuclear weapons |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.