A&P II Exam 1
About this set
Created by:
nclinkscales89 on June 10, 2012
Subjects:
Description:
~Endocrine,
~Heart (Anatomy, Conduction: Rhythm, ECG, Cardiac
Output, Heart Problems, Risk Factors)
~Blood Vessels (Orginization, Filtration, BP)
~Blood (Composition, Production, Blood Types,
Disorders)
Order by
31 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What happens when Homeostasis is imbalanced, what are the steps? | 1. Stimulus produces change in variable 2. Change detected by receptor (sensor) 3. Input: info sent along afferent pathway to 4. Control center 5. Output: info sent along efferent pathway to 6. Effector 7. Response of effector feeds back to influence magnitude of stimulus and returns variable to homeostasis. |
| What are the 10 parts of the endocrine system | 1. Hypothalamus 2. Pituitary glands 3. Thyroid gland 4. Thymus 5. Adrenal glands 6. Ovaries 7. Pineal Body 8. Parathyroid Glands 9. Pancreas 10. Testes |
| ~The endocrine system is the biggest system involved in_______ because it has? ~It generally regulates? | ~Homeostasis, has longer effects ~activities of body structures |
| Hormones: define? travel? | chemicals that are secreted, travel via the blood, to have diff effects on diff tissues |
| Why are hormones specific? | they have target cells that have receptor for certain interactions that are for certain actions |
| There will be specific interactions between what? to produce what? | chemical hormones and "target" cells to produce a change |
| Functions of hormones in the endocrine system (3) | 1. Homeostasis- maintaining internal balance 2. Regulating metabolism 3. Monitoring/promoting important activities (ex: growth and reproduction) |
| What the nervous systems job pertaining to the endocrine system? | the overall supervisor while the endocrine glands are conducting the jobs |
| Pituitary gland job for the endocrine system | overall boss of glands and endocrine system |
| Hypothalamus job in the endocrine system | controls the pituitary ---> controls ANS, blood concentration |
| Functions of the endocrine system (10) | 1. Metabolism & tissue maturation 2. Ion regulation 3. H20 balance (ADH) 4. Immune sys regulation 5. HR & BP regulation 6. Control of blood glucose & other nutrients (gastrin) 7. Control of reproductive functions 8. Uterine contraction & milk release 9. Growth & development 10. Sleep/Wake cycle (melatonin) |
| Hormones: 1. Produced? 2.Travel? 3. Secreted? 4. Act on? 5. Work with? | 1. Produced in small quantities 2. Travel via blood 3. Secreted through endocrine processes 4. Act on target tissues w/ specific receptors 5. Work with ligand channels |
| All hormones have a ____ life? which is linked to a lot of ____? | half, disease |
| Endocrine vs: Nervous Systems | Endocrine: 1. amplitude modulated signals 2. amount of hormone determines strength of signal 3. onset w/in minuets of secretion of hormone Nervous: 1. frequency modulated signals 2. frequency of a.p. produced by neurons-->strength of signal 3. onset w/in milliseconds |
| Nervous and Endocrine work together or separate? | together, inseparable |
| Define ligands | more general term for chem signals, something that binds |
| Examples of how the endocrine and nervous systems work together (3) | 1. nervous systems secrete neurohormones into circulatory system 2. nervous sys uses neurotransmitters and neuromodulators 3. some parts of endocrine innervated directly by nervous sys |
| Define: Hormones | travel through blood to specific targets |
| Does the endocrine or nervous system work faster | nervous |
| Define: Autocrine | cells self-regulate, communicate between themselves, read own signals |
| Define: Paracrine | similar to hormones, are local, do not travel through circulatory, work in tissue they live in |
| Define: Neurohormone | travels through blood, hits target, made by neurons |
| Neurotransmitter/ neuromodulator | released at the target at the synaptic cleft |
| Most hormones are controlled how | through feedback systems positive and negative |
| which feedback system is more common with hormones | negative, most hormones are also regulated with the negative system |
| hormones are regulated by what 3 methods | 1. action of a substance other than a hormone on an endocrine gland 2. neural control of endocrine gland 3. control of secretory activity of one endocrine gland by hormone or neurohormones secreted by another endocrine gland |
| Example of positive feedback | Child Birth: ~Cervix stretches from babies head, ~signals body to produce oxytocin, ~oxytocin causes uterus to contract (which stretches cervix even more), ~which causes oxytocin to produce even more, ~which causes uterus to contract even more...ect ect |
| Steroid hormones: solubility? pass cell membrane? | lipid soluble, can pass right through no problem. |
| Amides and peptides: solubility? | H2O soluble |
| receptor location for hormones: 1. lipid? 2. water? | 1. inside cell 2. outside cell |
| extracellular receptors interact with hormones that? | hormones that cannot pass through the plasma membrane |
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