Science Chapter 6 Test
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11 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 DNA | a molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live. |
| Nucleotide | in a nucleic-acid chain, a subunit that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base. |
| Double Helix | The shape of DNA; looks like a twisted ladder. |
| Gene | consists of a string of nucleotides that give the cell information about how to make a specific trait. |
| RNA | a molecule that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein production. |
| Ribosome | a cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein synthesis. |
| Mutation | a change in the nucleotide-base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule. |
| Deletion | when a base is left out. |
| Insertion | when a base is added. |
| Substitution | most common; when the wrong base is used. |
| Genetic Engineering | the manipulation of individual genes within organisms. |
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